Effects of the conditional cash transfer programme Bolsa Família on the character of indebtedness of peasant households in Bahia, Brazil

这项研究集中于巴西有条件现金转移计划Bolsa Família(家庭津贴)对农村家庭经济的影响，特别是家庭负债的特征。它分析了家庭资产是如何创造、管理和销毁的，投资和财富的概念是如何重新定义的，以及家庭内部关系是如何由于源自国际化集体发展剧目的政策而重新安排的。虽然基于定量数据的研究显示了这项津贴的积极效果，但对该计划启动的家庭债务动态的研究很少。货币债务和非货币债务的新形式是该方案特点的结果，如条件性和规律性。现金通常发给母亲，并制定具体的性别和代际动态。作为直接来自政府的有保证的每月付款，这笔津贴可以转化为一种资产：用作贷款的抵押品。它可以促进参与团结网络。最后，纳入该方案还会导致穷人的进一步金融化。在过去的二十年里，有条件现金转移方案已被各国政府、发展机构和许多学者作为一项主流减贫措施所接受。由于Bolsa Familia是世界上规模最大、最具典型性的有条件现金转移方案，这项研究对分析有条件现金转移对家庭内部关系的影响做出了重要贡献。它超越了资源分配的决策，将家庭债务嵌入到当地的价值和价值概念中，考察流行的概念如何与正式安排相互作用。因此，它位于治理贫困以及当前对债务和金融化的兴趣这一更广泛的主题范围内。

The research concentrates on the effects of the Brazilian conditional cash transfer program Bolsa Família (Family Stipend) on the economy of rural households, particularly the character of household indebtedness. It analyses how household assets are created, managed and destroyed, how notions of investment and wealth redefined, and how intra-household relations rearranged as a consequence of policies that originate within an internationalized collective development repertoire. While studies based on quantitative data have shown positive results of the Stipend, a little research has been done on the dynamics of household indebtedness the program sets in motion. Novel forms of monetary and non-monetary debt are a result of the character of the programme, such as conditionality and regularity. Cash is normally given to mothers and enacts specific gender and generation dynamics. As a guaranteed monthly payment originating directly from the government, the Stipend can be turned into an asset: used as collateral in loans. It can facilitate participation in networks of solidarity. Lastly, the inclusion into the programme also leads to further financialisation of the poor. In the past two decades, conditional cash transfer programmes have been embraced by governments of states, development agencies and many academics as a mainstream poverty reduction measures. Since Bolsa Familia is the biggest and the most paradigmatic CCT programme in the world, the research is an important contribution to analysing the effects of conditional cash transfers on intra-household relationships. It goes beyond the decision-making in resource allocation by embedding household debt in local notions of worth and value, looking at how popular conceptions interact with formal arrangements. It is thus located within the broader theme of governance of poverty and current interest in debt and financialisation.