Methods for the complementary design of the machine and the control in electric drive systems

电驱动器正被用于越来越多的应用中，提供有效的能量转换并允许控制运动。它们可用于工业机械、电动汽车、可再生能源发电机、家用电器等应用领域。设计驱动系统的目标包括高扭矩密度、高效率、低制造/维护成本、高可靠性和高性能运动控制。驱动器的研究和开发主要分为一方面的电机和另一方面的控制和电力电子系统。在通常的方法中，控制系统的设计假设一个给定的标准电机或机器类型。他设计的机器采用标准控制算法，如磁场定向控制。电机的设计和控制器的设计通常由不相关的团队完成。在永磁同步电机（PMSM）的情况下，电机通常被设计为获得正弦反电动势（EMF），因为假设控制器提供正弦电流。假设反电动势是正弦的，则在其侧的控制被设计用于提供正弦电流。以这种方式，获得无涟漪转矩。然而，这些假设限制了机器的设计，并且没有利用电力电子和控制系统的所有潜力。期望通过以互补的方式设计机器和控制，可以获得比单独设计时更好的特性。这一办法很少受到调查，本提案将涵盖这一办法。有一个特殊的潜力，以达到一个更简单的，但是，仍然有效的驱动system.Machines设计有目的的非正弦电动势将被调查与三相四线逆变器，即与连接中性点，并与一个新的非正弦参考框架转换的控制。为了获得一个更简单的驱动系统，没有位置传感器，自感知控制也将进行研究。由于自感知技术的性能与机器的特性有着特殊的关系，因此，本文将研究提高机器自感知能力的方法和合适的自感知方法，并通过对机器和控制系统样机的建模、仿真和实验测试进行研究。尽管研究的重点是PMSM，但预计结果至少可以部分用于其他机器类型。

Electric drives are being used in an increasing number of applications, providing efficient energy conversion and allowing for control of motion. They can be found in industrial machinery, electric vehicles, renewable energy generators, home appliances, among other application fields.The targets for designing a drive system include high torque density, high efficiency, low manufacturing/maintenance costs, high reliability and high performance motion control. The research and development of the drives are mainly split in the electric machines on one side and in the control and power electronic systems in the other. In the usual approaches, the control system is designed assuming a given standard electrical machine or machine type. The machine on his part is designed assuming a standard control algorithm, like the field oriented control. The design of the machine and the design of the controller is generally performed by unrelated teams.In the case of permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM), the machine is usually designed for obtaining a sinusoidal back electromotive force (EMF), as it is assumed that the control supplies sinusoidal current. The control on his side is designed for supplying sinusoidal current assuming the back EMF is sinusoidal. In this way, a ripple free torque is obtained. However, these assumptions constrain the design of the machine and does not make use of all the potential of the power electronic and control system.It is expected that by designing the machine and the control in a complementary way, better characteristics can be obtained than when designed separately. This approach is rarely investigated and will be covered by the present proposal. There is a special potential to reach a simpler, however, still efficient drive system.Machines designed with purposeful nonsinusoidal EMF will be investigated in relation with a three phase four wire inverter i.e. with connected neutral, and with a new non-sinusoidal reference frame transformations for the control. With the aim of obtaining a simpler drive system without position sensor, the self sensing control will also be investigated. As the performance of self sensing techniques depend specially on characteristics of the machine, method for improving the self sensing capability of the machine and the suitable self sensing methods will be researched.The research will be performed based on modelling, simulation, and experimental tests on prototypes of the machine and the control system. Even though the research is focused on the PMSM, it is expected that the results can be at least partially used for other machine types.