Synthesis and inline processing of nanoparticles

以复合材料和核壳系统的形式对纳米粒子和纳米粒子集合体进行有针对性的、基于知识的结构化是该子项目的重点。应利用气相合成的可能性将联合收割机的结构性能与材料性能结合起来，以创造新的材料。该子项目研究无机材料合成的可能性，通过不同物质的结构和组合，使新的性能成为可能。重点是能够通过高温和温度梯度生产球形非聚集纳米颗粒的工艺，并在下游工艺步骤中直接在气相中进一步加工它们。这旨在直接涂覆初级颗粒以及聚集体，并且应用于“保存”颗粒特性以及能够进一步结构化。重要的工具是温度-时间曲线的变化和材料在反应区中的停留时间。这项工作得到了TP 9（Kempf）流体动力学计算和前体（TP 1，Schulz）均相和非均相分解动力学研究的支持|Fikri|该项目的基础是利用以前工作中已经获得的知识合成硅、铁和氧化铁纳米材料。其目的是通过直接在线加工，用这些形态和成分可调的材料生产更大的三维结构。由此产生的知识和结构化设计规则将用于支持TP 6（Schnurre）中试验装置反应器的工艺技术和操作|Wiggers）。除了加工和结构化，还将研究材料组合的生产，如复合材料和核壳结构。其目的是使表面具有与嵌入颗粒的特定性质和与进一步的内联结构化相关的功能。例如，具有比颗粒核更低熔点的表面层可以支持进一步结构化而不影响核性质。除了预期的聚合物涂层外，玻璃成形剂也是合适的，其不是通过扩散过程而是通过粘性流动烧结。这些调查是与TP 5（Kruis）密切合作进行的。研究详细过程的重要前提是以这样的方式操作合成设备，即可以在时间和空间上记录颗粒形成、生长和包覆，这是与TP 7（Dreier）密切合作完成的|Schulz）。

The targeted, knowledge-based structuring of nanoparticles and nanoparticle ensembles in the form of composite and core-shell systems is the focus of this subproject. The possibilities of gas-phase synthesis shall be used to combine structural properties with material properties to create novel materials. This subproject investigates possibilities for the synthesis of inorganic materials, which – by structuring and combination of different substances – enable new properties. The focus is on processes that are capable of producing spherical, non-aggregated nanoparticles through high temperatures and temperature gradients and further process them directly in the gas phase in a downstream process step. This is intended to directly coat primary particles as well as aggregates and shall be used to "conserve" particle properties as well as to enable further structuring. Essential tools are the variation of the temperature-time profile and the residence time of the materials in the reaction zone. This work is supported by fluid dynamics calculations from TP9 (Kempf) and by investigations of the homogeneous and heterogeneous decomposition kinetics of precursors (TP1, Schulz|Fikri|Somnitz).The basis of the project is the use of knowledge already gained in previous work for the synthesis of silicon, iron and iron oxide nanomaterials. The aim is to produce larger, three-dimensional structures from these materials with adjustable morphology and composition by direct inline processing. The resulting knowledge and design rules for structuring will be used to support the process technology and the operation of the pilot plant reactors in TP6 (Schnurre|Wiggers). In addition to processing and structuring, the production of material combinations such as composites and core-shell structures will also be investigated. The aim is that the surface assumes both, a function with respect to the specific properties of the embedded particles and with respect to the further inline structuring. For example, surface layers with a lower melting point than the particle cores can support further structuring without affecting the core properties. Besides the intended coating with polymers, glass formers are also suitable, which sinter not by diffusion processes but by viscous flow. These investigations are done in close cooperation with the TP5 (Kruis). An important prerequisite for the investigation of the detailed processes is to operate the synthesis equipment in such a way that particle formation, growth and coating can be recorded in time and in space, which is done in close cooperation with TP7 (Dreier|Schulz).