SFB 1242: Non-equilibrium dynamics of condensed matter in the time domain

控制凝聚态物质的物理性质对于我们日常生活中使用的许多技术成就具有决定性意义。到目前为止，这种直接的性质变化，如电子学中掺杂半导体的电导率，催化中过渡金属表面的化学反应性或光化学中光与固体的相互作用，都是在接近热力学平衡的情况下进行的。未来的发展可能远远超出非平衡状态。对这种非平衡状态下的性质和动态响应的理解仍有待发展。2016年成立的第1242合作研究中心（CRC），致力于杜伊斯堡-埃森大学的研究工作，通过时域分析，推进凝聚态非平衡动力学的基础性认识。在第二期资助中，我们计划在迄今为止的基础上，以非平衡动力学的操纵为目标。我们建议巩固成功的做法，整合新的活动，从而产生新的协同作用。为了实现这一目标，新的主要研究者为CRC的使命提供了大量的附加值，他们提出了新的项目。一个关键的话题是非平衡动力学接口。新项目A06将现有的关于振动光谱的非线性光学工作与固液界面的工作相结合。在第一个供资期内，软X射线光谱学在埋藏界面声子动力学方面的应用得到了证明，在此基础上，该项目适用于新项目A07，该项目结合非线性光学技术扩展了这些软X射线活动。此外，我们成功地将THz光谱学集成到CRC 1242可用的时间分辨工具组合中。拟议的项目B 09承诺改善实验获得的低能量激发的动力学。CRC提供了一个专门的教育计划，其研究生通过综合研究培训组。初级首席研究员受益于在国际顶级水平上展示自己和他们的工作并形成网络的机会。将继续采取措施，加强研究人员之间的平等机会，并进一步发展。提出了一个关于信息基础设施的项目。在儿童权利委员会的研究范围内，就示范、交流和教育向公众进行宣传是一个重要问题。将采用纳入社会媒体的新格式。

Controlling physical properties in condensed matter is decisive for many technological achievements which we use in our daily life. So far, such directed variation of properties like the electrical conductivity in doped semiconductors in electronics, the chemical reactivity of transition metal surfaces in catalysis or the interaction of light with solids in photovoltaics are exploited close to the thermodynamic equilibrium. Future developments may go far beyond into the non-equilibrium regime. Understanding of the properties and the dynamic response in this out-of-equilibrium regime remains to be developed. The collaborative research center (CRC) 1242 has been established in 2016 to focus research efforts at the University of Duisburg-Essen to advance fundamental insights into non-equilibrium dynamics in condensed matter through analysis in the time domain.In the second funding period, we plan to build on the understanding developed so far and aim at manipulation of non-equilibrium dynamics. We propose to consolidate successful approaches, integrate new activities, and thereby generate new synergy. With this goal, new principal investigators, who provide substantial added value to the CRC’s mission, propose new projects. A key topic is non-equilibrium dynamics at interfaces. The new project A06 combines existing non-linear optical efforts regarding vibrational spectroscopy with work on solid-liquid interfaces. Building on the application of soft x-ray spectroscopy regarding phonon dynamics at buried interfaces, which was demonstrated in the first funding period apply here for the new project A07 which extends these soft x-ray activities in combination with non-linear optical techniques. Furthermore, we succeeded in our efforts to integrate THz spectroscopy to the portfolio of time-resolved tools available to the CRC 1242. The proposed project B09 promises improved experimental access to the dynamics of low energy excitations.The CRC provides a dedicated education program to its graduate students through the integrated research training group. Junior principal investigators profit from opportunities to present themselves and their work on an international top level and to form networks. Measures to strengthen equal opportunities among the researchers will be continued and developed further. A project on information infrastructure is proposed. Outreach to the public regarding demonstration, communication, and education in the context of the CRC’s research is an important issue. New formats which incorporate social media will be implemented.