LHC and gravity

天体物理观测和粒子物理标准模型的解释空白暗示了暗物质的存在和/或我们的引力、空间和时间理论的修正。在暗物质（DM）和修正重力（MG）方法之间的选择受到不同层次和不同类型的欠确定问题的阻碍。为了明确这些问题，我们将继续详细分析暗物质和修正引力模型的前景，以及粒子物理学、天体物理学和引力研究之间的相互作用。DM和MG方法的过多，以及相应的不确定，即使在大量相关的基于对撞机和天体物理观测的情况下，也清楚地说明了这一科学问题的复杂性。另一方面，对撞机和天体物理领域的重叠可能允许减少不确定，从而导致模型景观的简化。我们的重点将是可以在大型强子对撞机（LHC）上探测的暗物质模型，以及LHC结果与引力理论之间的联系。我们在暗物质和修正引力两个研究项目之间进行选择，以及在每个项目中的不同模型之间进行选择时，解决了不同类型的不确定性问题。特别是，我们将首先对暗物质和修正引力假说的解释能力和解释差距进行评估，并对暗物质和修正引力之间严格的概念区分的可行性进行评估。后一种评估延续了该项目第一阶段的主要结果之一，在此期间，我们关注了几个特定的模型，这些模型对这种区别提出了质疑。

Astrophysical observations and explanatory gaps in the standard model of particle physics imply the existence of dark matter and/or a modification of our theory of gravity, space and time. A decision between the dark matter (DM) and modified gravity (MG) approaches is hampered by problems of underdetermination at different levels and of different kinds. In order to specify these problems, we shall continue to analyse in detail the landscape of dark matter and modified gravity models, and the interplay between research in particle physics, astrophysics, and gravity. The plethora of DM and MG approaches, and the corresponding underdetermination, even in the light of the vast amount of relevant collider-based and astrophysical observations, clearly illustrates the complexity of this scientific problem. On the other hand, the overlap of the collider and astrophysical domains may allow for a reduction of the underdetermination, thus leading to a simplification of the model landscape. Our focus will be on dark matter models that can be probed at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the connection between LHC results and theories of gravity. We address the question of different kinds of underdetermination, both in choosing between the two research programs of dark matter and modified gravity, and also in choosing between different models within each program. In particular, we shall provide an assessment of the explanatory power and the explanatory gaps of the dark matter and modified gravity hypotheses, and of the tenability of a strict conceptual distinction between dark matter and modified gravity in the first place. This latter assessment continues one of the main results of the first phase of this project, during which we focused on several specific models that call such a distinction into question.