New Physics at the Large Hadron Collider

大型强子对撞机的新物理学

• 批准号: 272314716
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Michael Krämer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Theoretische Teilchenphysik und Kosmologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2014-12-31 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/272314716?language=en
• 关键词: New; Physics; Large; Hadron; Collider

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN is the flagship research facility of particle physics for the next decade. After the discovery of a Higgs particle in the first phase of the LHC in 2012, the key scientific goal for the second phase, starting in 2015, is to search for and explore physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). The existence of new physics at the Tera-electronvolt (TeV) scale, i.e. in reach of the LHC, is motivated by two fundamental questions left unanswered by the SM: the hierarchy problem and the nature of dark matter. The hierarchy problem refers to the instability of the Higgs mass at the electroweak scale under quantum fluctuations originating from high-scale physics. It can be solved, for example, through new TeV-scale particles partnering the SM top quark. Dark matter, on the other hand, is explained naturally by stable, weakly interacting particles with masses near the TeV scale. Such particles are predicted in many extensions of the SM, which attempt to solve the hierarchy problem, like supersymmetry or models with extra space dimensions. At the LHC, new physics can be searched for either directly, for example in signatures with a transverse momentum imbalance caused by escaping dark matter particles, or through precision studies which attempt to establish deviations from the Standard Model in a global theoretical analysis of all existing experimental observables, including in particular the Higgs sector.In the Research Unit ¿New Physics at the LHC¿ we propose to pursue theoretical calculations and analyses of new physics scenarios at the LHC which address the hierarchy problem, the origin of dark matter, or both. They comprise, in particular, precision calculations for the production and decay of new particles, the exploration of the top-Higgs sector and models of dark matter, a systematic study of top-partner and dark matter production and detection at the LHC, and global fits of Higgs properties and new physics models.These theoretical analyses shall provide the basis for the interpretation of new physics searches during the second phase of the LHC, and are crucial in order to fully exploit its potential.

欧洲核子研究中心的大型强子对撞机（LHC）是未来十年粒子物理学的旗舰研究设施。在2012年LHC第一阶段发现希格斯粒子之后，从2015年开始的第二阶段的关键科学目标是寻找和探索标准模型（SM）之外的物理学。新物理学在太电子伏特（TeV）尺度上的存在，即在LHC的范围内，是由SM没有回答的两个基本问题所激发的：层次问题和暗物质的性质。等级问题是指希格斯质量在电弱尺度下在源于高尺度物理学的量子涨落下的不稳定性。例如，它可以通过与SM顶夸克合作的新TeV级粒子来解决。另一方面，暗物质自然地被解释为稳定的、弱相互作用的粒子，其质量接近TeV尺度。这种粒子在SM的许多扩展中被预测，这些扩展试图解决层次问题，如超对称或具有额外空间维度的模型。在大型强子对撞机上，新物理可以直接寻找，例如在逃逸的暗物质粒子引起的横向动量不平衡的签名中，或者通过精密研究，试图在对所有现有实验观测值的全球理论分析中建立与标准模型的偏差，特别是希格斯部分。我们建议在大型强子对撞机上对新的物理方案进行理论计算和分析，这些方案解决了层次问题，暗物质的起源，或者两者兼而有之。其中包括新粒子产生和衰变的精确计算、顶希格斯区和暗物质模型的探索、LHC顶伴和暗物质产生和探测的系统研究、希格斯性质和新物理模型的全局拟合，这些理论分析将为解释LHC第二阶段的新物理研究提供基础，并且对于充分开发其潜力至关重要。