Wage and employment effects of bankruptcies

虽然破产对受影响员工的后果经常在公众中讨论（例如，由于2012年Schlecker连锁药店的破产），但关于这一问题的经验证据相当缺乏。对于那些非常频繁破产的小公司来说尤其如此。因此，这个项目的目的是获得破产及其对员工的影响的基本见解。我们是第一个全面调查破产对失业工人工资和就业发展的影响的人。为了进一步深入了解由于破产导致的收入损失的原因，将详细分析失业工人就业传记的后果（例如就业稳定性或非典型就业的发生率）。此外，还将调查工厂层面的某些发展是否预示着即将破产，以及员工数量、劳动力结构和员工波动行为是否发生变化。我们使用联邦就业局提供的行政部门和个人层面的数据，这些数据基于强制性社会保障公告以及IAB编制小组的代表性调查数据。这些数据与行政破产数据相匹配，这些数据来自三个来源（雇主破产“资不抵债”的工资补偿数据、社会保障通知、可公开获取的破产公告）。我们是第一个使用关联的工厂和个人层面数据提供破产经验证据的人，也是第一个基于行政数据调查小型和非常小型工厂倒闭后果的人。关于后者，经验证据非常有限，因为非自愿失业只是用统计近似的大规模裁员或工厂关闭来研究的。

Although the consequences of bankruptcies for affected employees are frequently debated in the public (e.g. due to the bankruptcy of the Schlecker drugstore chain in 2012), empirical evidence on this issue is quite scarce. This is in particular true for the very frequent bankruptcies of small firms. Therefore, the aim of this project is to gain fundamental insights about bankruptcies and their consequences for employees. We are the first to comprehensively investigate the consequences of bankruptcies with respect to wage and employment developments of displaced workers. In order to gain further insights about the reasons for income losses due to bankruptcies, the consequences for the employment biographies of displaced workers will be analyzed in detail (for example employment stability or the incidence of atypical employment). Moreover, it will be investigated whether certain developments at the plant level indicate an upcoming bankruptcy and whether there are changes in the number of employees, the structure of the workforce, and the fluctuation behavior of the employees. We make use of administrative plant- and individual-level data provided by the Federal Employment Agency, which are based on mandatory social security announcements as well as representative survey data from the IAB Establishment Panel. These data are matched with administrative bankruptcy data originating from three sources (data on wage compensation due to employer bankruptcy "Insolvenzgeld", social security notifications, publicly accessible bankruptcy announcements). We are the first to provide empirical evidence on bankruptcies using linked plant- and individual-level data and are also first in investigating the consequences of small and very small plants' failure based on administrative data. With respect to the latter, empirical evidence is very limited because involuntary job losses have only been studied using statistically approximated mass layoffs or plant closures.