Child poverty, housing, and healthy decision-making
儿童贫困、住房和健康决策
基本信息
- 批准号:10593213
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 19.44万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2023
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2023-01-01 至 2024-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:15 year oldAcademic achievementAcademyAddressAdolescenceAdolescentAgeAgreementAmericanAreaAttentionAttenuatedAutomobile DrivingBasic ScienceBehaviorBehavior ControlBehavioralBehavioral MechanismsBrainCOVID-19ChildChild CareChild DevelopmentChildhoodChronicChronic stressCommunitiesComplexConsentCountyDataDecision MakingDevelopmentEmploymentEnvironmentFamilyFunctional Magnetic Resonance ImagingFundingGraduation RatesGrowthHealthHealth behaviorHouseholdHousingIncomeIndividual DifferencesInstructionInterventionInterviewJob lossJudgmentKnowledgeLaboratoriesLifeLife Cycle StagesLinkLiteratureLong-Term EffectsLongevityMeasuresMedical AssistanceNeural PathwaysNeurobiologyNeurocognitiveNeurosciencesNutritionalOutcomeParentsParticipantPathway interactionsPediatricsPerformancePoliciesPovertyProblem behaviorProceduresProcessPublic HealthPublic HousingPublic PolicyRaceRandomizedRecordsResearchResourcesRiskRisk BehaviorsRisk TakingSamplingSchoolsSkinSpecific qualifier valueStudy SubjectTestingTimeTreatment EfficacyU.S. Department of Housing and Urban DevelopmentWaiting ListsWell in selfWisconsinYouthage groupbehavioral outcomebiobehaviorchild povertychild protective servicecognitive controlcognitive processearly adolescenceearly life adversityeffective interventioneffectiveness testingefficacy evaluationexperiencehealth economicshigh riskhigh schoolimprovedimproved outcomemind controlneuralneural correlateneurobehavioralnovel strategiespostnatalprogramsrecruitsexsocioeconomicsunemployment insuranceuptakevoucher
项目摘要
The American Academy of Pediatrics includes child poverty on its list of the most-dire health issues facing
children. Child poverty is a multi-determined complex problem with well-documented correlations to profound
and enduring negative effects on health and behaviors across the lifespan. Critically, there are substantial gaps
in scientific understanding of neurobehavioral mechanisms linking poverty to these outcomes, making it difficult
to tailor effective interventions to youth at risk. This project addresses this significant public health issue by
testing the effectiveness of an existing anti-poverty program, subsidized housing, on the neural correlates of
decision-making and cognitive-control in youths. Though stable housing has never been directly tested with
regard to children’s biobehavioral outcomes, there is ample ancillary data from the chronic stress literature to
suggest that housing could be leveraged to improve children’s outcomes. The general aim of the proposal is to
assess whether receipt of stable housing in childhood can attenuate deficits in cognitive processes (e.g.,
decision-making, risk-valuation, attention) contributing to poorer academic outcomes and health-related
behaviors. The project aims to determine whether means-tested public programs, namely public housing and
housing voucher programs, moderate maladaptive judgment and decision-making and examine whether stable
housing in childhood is related to longer-term outcomes such as increased academic performance and
reduced risk-taking behavior in early adolescence. This exploratory project will determine if there is sufficient
evidence to support a full scale R01 to address: (1) Developmental change in adolescents ages 12-15 years,
covering transitions when academic problems and risky behaviors emerge, (2) Discrete neurodevelopmental
mechanisms that can reveal the efficacy of housing subsidies in mitigating negative outcomes of children
growing up in poverty, (3) Characterize aspects of both brain functioning, laboratory-based behavior, and
relevant behaviors in adolescents’ actual lives, and (4) Employ sophisticated computational rigor to study these
critical questions. Because the experience of childhood/adolescent poverty is a powerful determinant of many
subsequent academic and health problems, the high risk-high gain data generated from this project have the
potential to profoundly evaluate the efficacy of family housing subsidies in the U.S, and will provide critical
information and a framework for evaluating other federally- and state-funded programs. It will do so by
highlighting differences in key cognitive processes in the brain necessary for academic achievement and
effective decision-making in adolescence and beyond. The project holds potential to open pathways for new
research that defines and specifies mechanistic ways in which the environment creates long-term effects on
brain and behavior. These foci hold tremendous promise for advancement of knowledge and application to
improvement of public health.
美国儿科学会将儿童贫困列入其面临的最严重健康问题名单
项目成果
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