From beacon of hope to scapegoat. The Trust Agency between economic expectations and political constraints (1989-1991)

这项研究的目的是对信托机构(Treuhandanstalt，THA)的起源、工作方法和意义进行实证分析，这将允许对一个至今仍存在争议的机构进行历史化。这项研究阐述了与信托机构的成立相关的预期和经济政治理念，对这家负责组织国家控制的集体和德意志民主共和国运营私有化的机构的内部生活进行了分析，并评估了THA在两个德国之间存在的政治力量领域的行动范围和困境。对临时行政当局行动范围的分析使这一中央权力机构在其政治、社会和经济背景下有了一个不同的图景。因此，这项研究对研究独裁与民主之间的历史阶段做出了真正的贡献，并分析了从苏联式的中央组织经济向社会市场经济的过渡。因此，本研究旨在为1989-1991年后社会主义社会重建的经济史做出贡献，同时引发关于临时社会历史地位的学术讨论。临时行政当局的历史主要从机构和个人两个层面进行审查，重点放在其起源和专业化进程上。因此，分析期从1989年秋季在汉斯·莫德罗斯和洛萨·德·迈齐耶斯执政期间成立临时政府，到在德特列夫·K·罗韦德领导下的经济、货币和社会联盟之后临时政府的重组和重新定位阶段，到1991年4月比吉特·布鲁埃尔任期开始。这项研究分析了临时局的组织概况、工作方法和人员结构。其核心是临时区在1990年3月1日成立后的体制改革。人事政策的重点是在1990年7月之后临时行政当局大幅调整方向的背景下确定的。这里特别令人感兴趣的是罗维德关于招聘合格工作人员的倡议，与基金会阶段相比，这些倡议在1990年9月之后非常成功。由于无法获得消息来源，但也鉴于相反的政治解释和媒体有效的归属，在信托机构成立25年后，对其历史的研究很少。这份对1989年至1991年的初始阶段的意向分析是对临时区历史研究的一个切入点。

The objective of the study is to conduct an empirical analysis of the origins, working methods and significance of the Trust Agency (Treuhandanstalt, THA), which will allow the historicisation of an institution that remains controversial to this day. The study addresses the expectations and economic-political ideas that were connected with the foundation of the Trust Agency, casts an analytical glance at the interior life of an institution that was charged with organising the privatisation of the state-controlled collectives and operations of the GDR, and gauges the scope for action and the predicament of the THA in the political force field that existed between the two Germanys. The analysis of the scope for action of the THA produces a differentiated picture of this central authority in its political, social and economic context. Thus this study makes a genuine contribution to research into the historical phase of upheaval between dictatorship and democracy, and analyses the transition from a Soviet-style centrally-organised economy to a social market economy. The study therefore aims to contribute to the economic history of the post-Socialist reconstruction of society 1989-1991, and at the same time initiate an academic discussion about the historical position of the THA. The history of the THA is examined primarily at the institutional and personal levels, concentrating on its origins and process of professionalization. Accordingly, the period of analysis ranges from autumn 1989, when the THA was created during Hans Modrows and Lothar de Maizieres terms in government, through the phase of the restructuring and reorientation of the THA after the economic, currency and social union under Detlev K. Rohwedder, to the beginning of Birgit Breuels term in office in April 1991. The study analyses the organisations profile, the working methods and the personnel structure of the THA. At its core is the institutional transformation of the THA after its foundation on 1 March 1990. The focus of the personnel policy was determined in the context of the substantial reorientation of the THA after July 1990. Of particular interest here are the initiatives by Rohwedder to recruit qualified staff, which were very successful after September 1990, compared to the foundation phase.Due to a lack of access to sources, but also in light of contrary political interpretations and media-effective attributions, there has been very little research into the history of the Trust Agency, 25 years after its foundation. This intended analysis of the initial phase from 1989 until 1991 serves as an entry to historical research on the THA.