The role of hyperthermia in the end-Permian mass extinction

我们的目标是了解高温在二叠纪末大灭绝中的作用，这是地质记录中最大的生物灾难。尽管它对生命的进化至关重要，但这一事件的触发机制仍然存在很大争议。这次灭绝是气候驱动的生物灾难中最引人注目的古代例子，因为它与全球变暖有关。因此，它可以作为生物多样性对未来人为气候变化的长期反应的部分模拟。在这里，我们提出了一个研究项目，在二叠纪末的大规模灭绝和早三叠世恢复期间的变暖引起的应力的后果将进行调查。我们将以介形虫为模式生物，同时研究它们的进化历史和对气候变化的响应，特别是在二叠纪-三叠纪界线期间看到的温度升高。我们调查的野外地点位于伊朗西北部（朱尔法地区）、伊朗中部（阿巴代地区）和扎格罗斯山脉（伊斯法罕地区）;这些地区涵盖了开阔大陆架和浅水环境的部分。我们的研究将包括利用西姆斯技术对介形虫壳体进行同位素地球化学（δ 13 C和δ 18 O分析）和组合分析（分类多样性的变化、形态差异、特有程度、大小和形状的变化等）。

Our aim is to understand the role of hyperthermia in the end-Permian mass extinction, the largest biotic catastrophe in the geological record. Despite its crucial importance for the evolution of life, the triggering mechanism for this event is still highly controversial. This extinction represents the most dramatic ancient example of a climate-driven biotic catastrophe because of its association with global warming. It may thus serve as a partial analogue for the long-term response of biodiversity to future anthropogenic climate change. Here we propose a research project, in which the consequences of warming-induced stresses during the end-Permian mass extinction and Early Triassic recovery will be investigated. We will use ostracods as model organisms and simultaneously investigate their evolutionary history and response to climate change, in particular the temperature increase seen at the Permian-Triassic boundary interval. The field sites in our investigation are in NW Iran (Julfa region), Central Iran (Abadeh region) and the Zagros Mountains (Esfahan region); these areas cover sections from open shelf and shallow-water settings. Our study will include isotope geochemistry (delta13C and delta18O analyses) on ostracod shells using SIMS technology and assemblage analyses (changes in taxonomic diversity, morphological disparity, degree of endemicity, changes in size and shape etc.).