Assessment of Effects of EU Aflatoxin Standards along Cereals Value Chain in Russia: German Methodological Proficiency Complemented by Russian Local Knowledge

全球化提高了食品安全和质量问题的重要性。发达国家执行预防性食品管制政策，保护富裕消费者免受从发展中国家和转型期国家进口的不安全食品的影响。然而，世贸组织中数量惊人的贸易争端证明了滥用这些政策的情况。虽然关于食品监管的保护主义性质的主张在原则上是正确的，但关于其经济影响的经验证据很少。1）食品标准对贸易影响的量化和2）国家食品监管体系的调查对于新的贸易议程来说是绝对必要的。发展中国家的这些问题是贸易政策辩论的重点，而转型期国家的这些问题却没有得到认真考虑。这样的研究对于这些新近开放的市场具有特殊的意义。拟议的研究将采用重力模型定量估计欧盟黄曲霉毒素标准对转型国家出口的影响。将通过价值链和成本效益分析研究俄罗斯谷物价值链的食品法规及其执行和监测机制。俄罗斯规范与欧盟标准的遵守情况将采用比较优势分析进行评估。研究区域是俄罗斯联邦的斯塔夫罗波尔地区。当地专家将协助建立研究数据集和进行分析。研究结果将有助于1）国际政策制定者制定新的全球贸易议程，2）俄罗斯生产商，出口商和决策者改善谷物价值链。

Globalization raised the importance of food safety and quality concerns. Developed countries implement precautionary food regulation policies to protect their affluent consumers from unsafe food imported from developing and transition countries. However, the alarming number of trade disputes at WTO evidences cases of abuse of such policies. While claims on protectionist nature of food regulations are valid in principle, yet there is little empirical evidence about their economic effects. The questions of 1) quantification of trade impact of food standards and 2) investigation of national food regulation systems are absolutely essential for the new trade agenda. These problems for developing countries are on the focus of trade policy debate, whereas for transition countries are not considered seriously. Such a research for these recently liberalized markets gains a special significance. ¿ The proposed research will employ Gravity Model for quantitative estimation of impact of EU aflatoxin standards on transition countries¿ exports.¿ Russian food regulations for cereal value chain, their enforcement and monitoring mechanisms will be investigated through value chain and cost-benefit analysis.¿ Compliance of Russian norms with EU standards will be estimated applying comparative advantage analysis.The study area is Stavropol region of the Russian Federation. Local experts will contribute to the construction of the research data set and analysis. The results of the research will assist 1) international policy makers in designing new global trade agenda and 2) Russian producers, exporters and decision makers in improving cereal value chain.