The Antarctic Ice Sheet Mass Balance from Satellite Geodesy and Modeling

该项目的目标是以前所未有的精度对南极洲及其主要冰川流域的长期冰块平衡和相应的海平面贡献进行新的、全面的估计。这应通过结合各种类型的观测和建模来实现。观测基础是GRACE的时变重力场数据，ICESat和ERS-1/ERS-2/ENVISAT的地表高程和高程变化数据，以及卫星合成孔径雷达(SAR)的地表低空数据。模拟的基础是热机械冰盖模拟，它提供了长期的动态冰块历史，并辅助冰川均衡调整(GIA)的模拟。GIA积雪模型和大气积雪模型也将纳入该项目。该项目涉及对观测数据的透彻分析，实施组合互补观测的精细方法，以及观测分析和建模之间的强烈互动。这种方法将应对S项目的挑战：即考虑到个别观测和模拟方法的时空分辨率和灵敏度，将冰块平衡信号与全球海洋观测信号以及大气和海洋信号分开，将冰块年际变化与长期冰块平衡分开，并切实评估不确定性。

The goal of the project is a new and comprehensive estimate of the long-term ice mass balance of Antarctica and its major ice drainage basins and the corresponding sea level contribution with unprecedented accuracy. This shall be achieved by combining various types of observations and modeling. The observational fundament are time-variable gravity _eld data from GRACE, surface elevation and elevation-change data from ICESat and ERS-1/ERS-2/ENVISAT and surface ow data from satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) . The modeling fundament is thermomechanical ice sheet modeling which provides a long-term dynamic ice mass history and aids modeling of glacial-isostatic adjustment (GIA). GIA modeling and atmospheric modeling of snow accumulation will also be incorporated in the project. The project involves thorough analyses of observational data, the implementation of elaborate methods of combining complementary observations, and strong interactions between observational analyses and modeling. This approach shall meet the project s challenges: Namely, to account for the speci_c spatio-temporal resolutions and speci_c sensitivities of the individual observation and modeling methods, to separate ice mass balance signals from GIA signals as well as from atmospheric and oceanographic signals, to separate interannual ice mass variations from the long-term ice mass balance, and to realistically assess uncertainties.