Investigation on quantum transport associated with chirality and vorticity in quantum chromodynamics

正如论文中所提到的，我们的目标是探索手性异常、自旋轨道相互作用和相关量子效应如何影响重离子碰撞中夸克胶子等离子体（QGP）和预平衡相的交织电荷/自旋输运。其中一个重要的目的是了解夸克和胶子的自旋是如何在垂直或电磁场的作用下动态极化的，以及它们对实验观测的贡献。为了跟踪动态自旋极化，特别是由自旋轨道相互作用的碰撞过程引发的自旋极化，有必要对标准动力学理论进行修正。利用wigner函数方法，我们推导了具有自能特征的碰撞项量子修正的大质量费米子量子动力学理论（QKT）的一般形式，为研究奇异夸克穿越QGP的动态自旋极化铺平了道路。这种碰撞项包含由自能梯度引起的量子修正，自旋极化可以由介质的时空非均匀性（如局部涡量）引起，作为先前推导的手性动力学理论中对无质量费米子的侧跳修正的推广。除了费米子的研究外，我们还构建了光子的量子kt，它可以直接推广到弱耦合胶子的量子kt。此外，我们还研究了局部涡量如何影响强子的自旋极化以及不同自旋强子的产额。

As mentioned in the proposal, we aim at exploring how the chiral anomaly, spin-orbit interaction, and related quantum effects affect “the intertwined charge/spin transport of quark gluon plasma (QGP) and of the pre-equilibrium phase in heavy ion collisions. One of the important purposes is to understand how the spin of quarks and also of gluons are dynamically polarized by vortical or electromagnetic fields and their contributions to experimental observables.To track dynamical spin polarization particularly triggered by the collisional processes with spin-orbit interaction, it is necessary to modify the standard kinetic theory. By utilizing the Wigner-function approach, we have derived a generic formalism of the quantum kinetic theory (QKT) for massive fermions with quantum corrections in the collision term characterized by self energies, which paves the way to study dynamical spin polarization of a strange quark traversing the QGP. Such a collision term contains the quantum correction led by self-energy gradients, from which the spin polarization could be induced by space-time inhomogeneity of the medium such as local vorticity, as the generalization for side-jump corrections upon massless fermions in the previously derived chiral kinetic theory. In addition to the study of fermions, we have also constructed the QKT for photons, which could be directly generalized to that for weakly coupled gluons. Moreover, we have studied how local vorticity could affect not only spin polarization of hadrons but also the yields for hadrons with different spins.