Meritocracy and Dynasticism in Ancient and Medieval China (16)

这个子项目调查了在前现代的中国中，两种相互竞争的证明“赫斯恰夫特”的模式：一种是基于能力，另一种是基于血统。它基于这样的假设，即君主制统治的主要机构，例如抗议或宫廷会议，可以被设想为平衡这两种合法性主张的机制。重点放在早期中华帝国招兵买马的精英原则以及篡夺制度上，这使得精英阶层能够取代王朝统治者，重新调整两种统治合法化的方式，再次建立起一种合作竞争的平衡。

The sub-project investigates two competing modes of justifying ‘Herrschaft’ in premodern China: one by virtue of competence, the other by virtue of descent. It rests on the assumption that the main institutions of monarchic rule, e. g. remonstrance or court conferences, can be conceived of as mechanisms to equilibrate these two legitimatory claims. The focus is on the application of meritocratic principles of recruitment in the early Chinese Empire as well as on the institution of usurpation, which enabled meritocratic elites to replace the dynastic ruler and realign the two ways of legitimizing rule, establishing a ‘coopetitive’ balance once again.