New approaches to production scenarios of heavy and superheavy nuclei

理论(H.Lenske)：-将研究重离子的聚变、裂变和多核子转移(MNT)反应，特别是对SHE和外来同位素生产的探索性研究。以前发展的理论形式主义将应用于由核壳和附加量子效应所产生的复杂势景中的核系统的演化。研究核裂变的目的是为了解释即使在高激发能下对称和非对称裂变模的共存。-作为一个新的主题，我们更加关注非平衡动力学，并在这一背景下探索使用晶格理论作为一种潜在的强有力的方法来对多体系统进行数值模拟。文中将特别强调对随机作用力耗散的描述。-作为一个诱人的进一步应用，我们使用相同的(数值)方法来描述恒星合并。先前的定点分析表明，双星系统被驱动到质量平衡。在即将到来的资助期，该方法将扩展到耗散相互作用，将由朗之万法处理。实验(S.Heinz)-关于MNT反应的实验计划将专注于新的实验。到目前为止所获得的结果表明，MNT反应是一种很有前途的合成主要是非常缺乏中子的超铀同位素的方法。在地球物理研究所速度过滤器船的一天实验中，我们在核素图的这一区域发现了5个Z≥92的新同位素，观察到了9个已知的≤Z≤102。-2020年4月将在JINR Dubna的新速度过滤器架上进行一次新的实验。一个主要目标是合成更多新的缺乏中子的超铀同位素，特别是在N=126壳层附近。此外，还将对带有Z≥100的MNT产品进行进一步的研究，并测量激发函数。第二个实验将集中在铅以下的丰中子MNT产品区域。-基于先前研究的结果，新的实验将在优化的设置和相当长的束流时间下进行。此外，Shels数据采集系统的速度是我们在以前实验中使用的系统的10倍，并且有一系列高效的伽马探测器可用。后者对于确定贝塔排放者特别有意义。

Theory (H. Lenske):- Fusion, fission and multinucleon transfer (MNT) reactions of heavy ions will be investigated, especially for the exploratory studies of SHE and exotic isotope production. The previously developed theoretical formalism will be applied to the evolution of nuclear systems in complex potential landscapes created by nuclear shell and additional quantum effects. Nuclear fission will be studied with the aim to explain the coexistence of symmetric and asymmetric fission modes even at high excitation energies.- As a new topic, we set a stronger focus on non-equilibrium dynamics and, in that context, explore the use of lattice theory as a potentially powerful method for numerical simulations of many-body systems. Special emphasis will be put on the description of dissipation by random forces. - As a tempting further application, we use the same (numerical) methods for the description of stellar mergers. The previous fix point analysis showed that di-star systems are driven to mass equilibration. In the upcoming funding period, the approach will be extended to dissipative interactions, to be treated by the Langevin approach.Experiment (S. Heinz)- The experimental program on MNT reactions will focus on new experiments. The so far obtained results revealed that MNT reactions are a promising method to synthesize predominantly very neutron-deficient transuranium isotopes. In a one day experiment at the velocity filter SHIP of GSI we discovered five new isotopes with Z≥92 in this region of the nuclide chart and observed nine already known MNT products with 98 ≤ Z ≤ 102.- A new experiment will take place in April 2020 at the new velocity filter SHELS of JINR Dubna. One main goal is the synthesis of further new neutron-deficient transuranium isotopes, especially around the N=126 shell. Also, further studies of MNT products with Z≥100 will take place, and excitation functions will be measured. A second experiment will focus on the region of neutron-rich MNT products below Pb.- Based on the results from previous studies, the new experiments will be conducted with optimized settings and considerably longer beam times. Also, the SHELS data acquisition system is 10 times faster than the one which we used in previous experiments, and there is an efficient array of gamma detectors available. The latter one being of special interest for the identification of beta emitters.