Visual Analytics and Linguistics for Interpreting Deliberative Argumentation (VALIDA)

Valida项目涉及1999年战略规划的两个核心组成部分，即审议和重建。它结合了计算机科学、计算语言学和政治学的专业知识。我们试图调查政治辩论中论点交换的审议性质，并提供对论点的类型、内容和可靠性的自动事后分析。我们认为，我们的项目有助于确保在理解和评估辩论过程以及最终决策过程中提高透明度。我们建立在前一个项目VisArogue开发的语言学见解、方法进步、经验和计算工具的基础上，在该项目中，我们提出了协商民主理论背后的思想的可操作性。我们用可量化的语言和非语言线索填充了操作化的维度。我们使用这些数据作为一系列可视化分析工具的基础，但我们没有将这些信息应用于从对话框中提取参数链或对其进行分类。因此，在这个项目中，我们通过从辩论中提取显性和隐性论点，并提供关于这些论点彼此之间的关系的信息以及这些论点的修辞框架的指示，来调查给定辩论或论点交换的审议性质。中心目标是开发一个针对德语和英语数据的可视分析系统，重点是理解辩论中的审议论证。为了给这个系统提供一个具有普遍适用性的良好的理论基础，我们将VisArogue管道的分析结果与推理锚定理论(IAT)配对，进一步提取关于论元修辞框架的信息。IAT是对话语料中语篇分析和论元挖掘的理论框架。我们还打算把重点放在建立辩论方案上，深入了解审议过程中的参与者如何作出贡献，以便得出结论。我们的方法论贡献跨越了几个子领域。通过视觉分析，我们结合了各种复杂层次的语言信息和论证的计算模型，生成了推理过程的可伸缩概览。作为系统的输入，我们提供了一种混合技术，将来自基于规则的语言工作的信息与通过统计计算从原始对话数据和带注释的对话数据中提取的信息相结合。在计算语言学方面，我们提供了一种新的、多层次的标注方案，该方案将IAT中定义的关于话语和论证的信息与可以从数据中的语言线索收集的修辞框架信息相结合。

The project VALIDA addresses two core components of the SPP 1999, namely Deliberation and Reconstruction. It combines expertise from computer science, computational linguistics, and political science. We seek to investigate the deliberative quality of an exchange of arguments in a political debate and to provide an automatized post hoc analysis of the type, content and solidity of the arguments. We see our project as contributing towards ensuring greater transparency in understanding and evaluating the process of argumentation and, ultimately, decision making.We build on linguistic insights, methodological advances, experiences and computational tools developed in a previous project, VisArgue, in which we proposed an operationalization of the ideas behind the theory of deliberative democracy. We filled the dimensions of the operationalization with quantifiable linguistic and extralinguistic cues. We used this data as the basis for a series of visual analysis tools, but we did not apply the information towards extracting or classifying chains of arguments from the dialog. In this project, we therefore focus on investigating the deliberative quality of a given debate or exchange of arguments by extracting both explicit and implicit arguments from that debate and by providing information about the relation of these arguments towards one another along with indications as to the rhetorical framing of these arguments.The central aim is to develop a Visual Analytics system for German and English data that focuses on understanding deliberative argumentation in a debate. In order to provide this system with a sound theoretical basis that can have general applicability, we will pair the parsing results of the VisArgue pipeline and further extracted information on the rhetorical framing of arguments with Inference Anchoring Theory(IAT), a theoretical framework for discourse parsing and argument mining in dialogical data. We also intend to place a focus on establishing argumentation schemes, gaining insight into how participants in a deliberative process contribute in order to arrive at a conclusion. Our methodological contribution spans several subfields. By way of Visual Analytics we combine the various complex levels of linguistic information and computational models of argumentation, generating a scalable at-a-glance overview of the reasoning process. As input to the system, we provide a hybrid technology which combines information from rule-based linguistic work with information extracted via statistical calculations from both raw and annotated dialog data. With respect to computational linguistics, we provide a new, multilayered annotation scheme that combines information about discourse and argumentation as defined in IAT with information about the rhetorical framing that can be gleaned from the linguistic cues in the data.