"Geometria Deutsch". Printed Books on Practical Geometry up to around 1600

实用几何学的印刷作品是不同实践网络的一部分。它们作为文本和图像来反思自己，只有当它们与其他物体（如圆规和尺子，测量棒）密切互动时，它们才开始构成意义。一次又一次，他们似乎依赖于他们的收件人汇集文字，图表，几何工具和实践，或更准确地说：他们声称（有时吹嘘）只有这样工作。艺术史、科学史和媒体史都将这些文本作为资料来源，但这些书籍本身、它们的设计、它们的文本形式和它们的修辞几乎没有得到系统的分析。在对它进行研究的地方，教育意图被先验地认为是文本策略和书籍设计的主要目标。然而，对这些书的更详细的探索显示出相当异质的结果：这些书所声称的实用性在书中以非常不同的方式得到了回答。这些书要么过于露骨，要么被截短得令人费解，一方面结合了联合收割机的经济介绍，另一方面又有看似多余的附录。“规范”程序和工具的选择遵循工艺以及某些文本传统。此外，有些作品似乎对宫廷表现的要求不亚于对手工艺的要求，另一些则对城市人文交流的前提或对倡导掌握印刷店的需要作出回应，或者他们将某种知识领域归于作者，编辑或演讲者。简而言之：我们可以假设，这些书的特殊完形，它们的多重称呼，它们接受传统和建立自己的传统的不同方式，以及它们对这方面的知识和诀窍的不同翻译方式，都指向了一种多功能性，这种多功能性在学术文献中被“专家文献”或“教育性书籍”等术语所隐藏和掩盖。 因此，迄今为止，学术界已经趋于平衡，从而特别忽视了那些表明实用几何书籍中特定的、往往是炫耀性的阶段性美学的因素。因此，该项目的目标是证明这样一种假设，即在关于几何的本土文献中，它们的教学功能是交错的（他们渴望交流“如何”做几何），以及他们的“几何”诗意和美学设计，这是适应许多不同的议程的沟通。德国版画作品的比较分析，建设几何和测量几何将集中在这两个方面。

Printed works of practical geometry present themselves as part of a network of different practices. They reflect on themselves as texts and images which only start to constitute meaning when brought into close interaction with other objects (e.g. compasses and ruler, measuring stick). Again and again they seem to rely on their recipients to bring together text, diagram, geometrical instrument and practice, or to be more precise: they claim (and sometimes boast) to work only this way. Art History as well as the History of Science and Media History have used these texts as sources, but the books themselves, their design, their textual form and their rhetoric was hardly analysed systematically. Where it has been examined at all, it was the educational intention that has been considered a priori as the main goal of textual strategies and book-design. A more detailed exploration of the books, however, shows quite heterogeneous results: the practicability claimed by the preambles is answered in very varying ways within the books. Overexplicit or unintelligibly truncated, the books combine an economy of presentation on the one hand with seemingly superfluous addenda on the other. The selection of "canonical" procedures and instruments follow craftsmanship as well as certain textual traditions. Furthermore, some of the writings seem to answer no less to the requirements of courtly representation than to those of artisanry, others answer to the premises of urban humanistic communication or to the needs to advocate the mastery of a printers shop or they ascribe a certain realm of knowledge to an author, editor or presentee. In short: we can hypothesise that the particular Gestalt of these books, their multiple addressing, their different ways to take up a tradition and to establish their own, and not the least their varying ways to transliterate knowledge about this and to transliterate the know-how points towards a polyfunctionality that has been hidden and masked in scholarly literature by terms like "specialists literature" or "educational book". Thus, scholarship has up to now evened out and thereby ignored especially those elements that indicate a specific and often ostentatiously staged aesthetic of the books on geometria practica.The project will therefore aim to prove the hypothesis that in the vernacular literature on geometry, there is an interlacement of their didactic function (their eagerness to communicate "how to" do geometry), and their "geometrical" poetic and aesthetic design, that is adaptable to many different agendas of communication. A comparative analysis of the German print works on constructive geometry and on surveying geometry will focus on both aspects.