Multiobjective topology optimization of anode structures for lithium-ion batteries

随着对便携式消费电子产品和电动汽车需求的增加，对车载储能的需求也在增加，锂电池正成为首选的储能方法。为了部署高容量硅作为一种新的阳极材料，阳极结构必须充分适应锂化时的大体积膨胀。设计还必须通过结构最大限度地提高导电性，以确保电池具有良好的倍率能力，并满足长时间使用的预期寿命要求。这需要优化阳极设计。然而，到目前为止，还没有设计或拓扑优化方法应用于硅阳极问题的实例。该研究项目的目标是开发一种优化工具，用于锂离子电池内硅阳极的设计。为了利用硅作为阳极材料，上述竞争性设计要求必须纳入适当的优化策略。由于锂化过程中体积的大量膨胀，需要将传统的拓扑优化公式扩展到完全有限运动学。通过结构实现最大导电性的需求显然与机械稳定性相竞争。此外，电池的强度、结构完整性和预期寿命都要最大化，因此，拟议工作的另一个目标将是扩展拓扑优化，以考虑累积损坏。在建议的项目中，我们将提供一种新的数值工具，用于设计电池阳极，使用超越传统算法的多目标拓扑优化，并具有多个竞争目标。

With the raising demand for portable consumer electronics and electrically driven vehicles comes an increased need for onboard energy storage, and lithium batteries are becoming the storage method of choice. In order to deploy high capacity silicon as a new anode material, the anode structure must adequately accommodate the large volume expansion upon lithiation. The design must also maximize electrical conduction through the structure to ensure good rate capability of the battery and it has to meet the life expectation requirements of a long time use. This requires an optimized anode design. To date, however, there have been no instances of design or topology optimization methods being applied to the silicon anode problem.The goal of the proposed research project is to develop an optimization tool for the design of silicon anodes within lithium-ion batteries. To utilize silicon as an anode material, the above mentioned competing design requirements must be incorporated in an adequate optimization strategy. The large volume expansion upon lithiation requires to extend the conventional topology optimization formulations to full finite kinematics. The demand for maximized electrical conduction through the structure is clearly competing with mechanical stability. Additionally, the strength, structural integrity and life expectation of the batteries are to be maximized and an additional objective of the proposed work will therefore be to extend topology optimization so as to account for accumulated damage. Within the advised project we will provide a novel numerical tool for the design of battery anodes using multi-objective topology optimization beyond traditional algorithms and with multiple competing objectives.