Why has JICA's community development project in Bosnia succeeded? Practice of'human security' in a post-conflict' area

发表两篇论文，一篇于2013年1月在长崎大学学术期刊上发表，另一篇于《亚洲期刊》（Asian journal, vol . 11）上发表。该报告于2013年1月由亚洲和非洲研究理事会发布。第一篇论文的题目是：“为什么JICA在波斯尼亚的社区发展项目取得了显著的成功？”冲突后地区“人类安全”的实践我把附在文件上的摘要节录了一遍。摘要：波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那残酷的战争已经结束了大约17年。1995年签订《代顿-巴黎和平协定》后，没有发生任何暴力事件，该国的目标是加入欧盟。然而，波斯尼亚的农村地区在战后重建中落后，波斯尼亚人、塞尔维亚人和克罗地亚人这三个曾经打过残酷战争的民族之间根深蒂固的不信任仍然存在，并阻碍了各种捐助者支持的重建工作项目的合作。JICA于2006年为斯雷布雷尼察市六个山区的返回难民和贫困居民启动了一项农业发展项目。众所周知，斯雷布雷尼察市是塞尔维亚军队屠杀8000多名波斯尼亚人的地方。对于JICA来说，该项目是测试“人类安全”概念在冲突后重建与和解中的有效性的第一个实验案例。由于斯雷布雷尼察项目首席顾问Yasumasa Oizumi先生的专业领导，JICA在重建工作和改善种族间关系方面取得了显著的成功。我的结论是，成功的关键是捐助者和受益者之间的相互信任。捐助者总是要小心，不要伤害受援国的自尊心。捐助者还牢记，过度的援助往往会宠坏人们，削弱他们的自助努力。

Published two papers: one on an academic journal issued by the University of Nagasaki in January 2013 , and the other on the "Ajia Jiho" (Asian Journal, vol .463) i ssued i n January 2013 b y the Asi an Af f ai rs Research Counci l .The title of the first paper: ‘Why has JICA's community development project in Bosnia attained a remarkable success? Practice of 'human security' in a post conflict area'I reproduce the abridged version of the abstract attached to the paper.Abstract: Approximately 17years have passed since the brutal war in Bosnia and Herzegovina ceased. After the signing of the Dayton-Paris Peace Agreements in 1995, no violent incidents have occurred and the country aims to join the European Union. However, rural areas in Bosnia lag behind in the post-war reconstruction, the deep- rooted distrust among the three ethnic groups of Bosniaks, Serbs and Croats who once fought a brutal war remains and hampers collaboration in reconstruction work projects supported by various donors.JICA launched an agricultural development project in 2006 for returned refugees and impoverished inhabitants in six mountainous areas of Srebrenica Municipality, which is well known as the site of massacre of more than 8000 Bosniak men by the Serbian troops . For JICA the project was the first experimental case to test the effectiveness of the concept of 'human security' in the post-conflict reconstruction and reconciliation. Owing to the professional leadership of Mr Yasumasa Oizumi, the chief adviser to the Srebrenica project, JICA has attained remarkable success both in reconstruction works and in betterment of inter-ethnic relation. My conclusion is that the key to success is mutual trust between donors and beneficiaries. Donors always have to be careful not to wound the pride of beneficiaries. Donors also bear it in mind that excessive aid tend to spoil people and diminish their self help effort.