Pilger, Prostitutes and "ritual seks": Heterodox Ritual Practices in the Context of the Veneration of Saints in Java

对全球化形式的伊斯兰教（agama）的关注导致人们低估了当前与之并行的地方性的、往往是非正统的宗教仪式（adat）的繁荣。这些宗教仪式包括鼓励在圣徒墓前进行性行为的朝圣形式，这种行为被认为有助于实现与朝圣有关的愿望和希望。“仪式seks”可能的性伴侣不仅包括丈夫和妻子，还包括其他没有结婚的朝圣者，甚至妓女也被视为完全合法的伴侣。多年来，以宗教和性的这种非凡结合而闻名的朝圣地经历了前所未有的繁荣，与印度尼西亚社会经常被诊断为伊斯兰化形成鲜明对比。在此背景下，本项目强调了伊斯兰教内正统和非正统趋势的一致性，并分析了它们在全球化变革方面的相互作用。

The focus on globalized forms of Islam (agama) has contributed to an undervaluing of the current and parallel boom in local, often heterodox ritual practices (adat). These ritual practices include forms of pilgrimage that encourage the performance of the sexual act on the tombs of saints, which is regarded as conductive to the redemption of the wishes and hopes associated with such a pilgrimage. The possible sexual partners of "ritual seks" include not only husband and wife but also other pilgrims to whom one is not married, and even prostitutes are regarded as completely legitimate partners. For a number of years, pilgrimage sites known for this remarkable conjunction of religion and sexuality have been experiencing an unprecedented boom in sharp contrast to the often diagnosed Islamization of Indonesian society. Against this background, this project emphazises the simultaneity of orthodox and heterodox trends within Islam and analysis their interaction in regard to the glocal transformations to which they contribute.