Halecomorph actinopterygians from the Kimmeridgian of Brunn: insights into the origin and evolutionary dynamics of the fishes from the Solnhofen Archipelago

侏罗纪对现代脊椎动物群的进化至关重要。在这段时间里，地球发生了深刻的地理和气候变化，我们的大多数现代脊椎动物群体都有了第一次多样化和辐射。对于我们了解侏罗纪脊椎动物多样性和进化的最重要的领域之一是德国南部的Solnhofen群岛的晚侏罗世lagerstätte复合体。这一系列特殊的lagerstätten形成于特提斯洋北方边缘的Kimmeridgian-Tithonian周围，处于热带浅海碳酸盐台地环境中。在这一复合体中，最古老的（晚Kimmeridgian）地点的布伦已经产生了良好的保存脊椎动物群，包括selachians，几个群体的actinopterygian osteichthyans，和一些分支的四足动物。因此，这个动物群是最大的兴趣，我们了解的起源和进化动力学的脊椎动物群的Solnhofen群岛。布伦的盐形放线翼动物群还未被研究，包括潜在的特有种（caturids）以及分布更广的Kimmeridgian分类群，这是在蒂托阶（Ophiopsis muensteri和Ainia armata）。这些鱼类在整个侏罗纪都有几乎完整的记录，是进化研究的一个非常有趣的案例，包括物种形成率和历史地理学的分析。布伦盐形类的地理分析进一步接近生态和历史地理的综合，因为古生态和历史因素很可能是解释这些鱼类在古群岛内的多样性所必需的。因此，目前的项目提出了详细分析从布伦的盐形鱼，并探讨模式和可能的原因，在盐形鱼的动物区系变化的Solnhofen群岛，特别是在晚侏罗世的特提斯西北缘一般。

The Jurassic was crucial for the evolution of modern vertebrate faunas. Profound geographic and climatic changes occurred to our planet during this period of time, and most of our modern vertebrate groups have their first diversification and radiation. One of the most important areas for our understanding of Jurassic vertebrate diversity and evolution is the Late Jurassic lagerstätte complex of the Solnhofen Archipelago in Southern Germany. This series of exceptional lagerstätten formed around the Kimmeridgian-Tithonian at the northern margin of the Tethyan ocean, in a tropical shallow marine carbonate platform environment. Among this complex, the oldest (Late Kimmeridgian) locality of Brunn has yielded an excellently preserved vertebrate fauna, including selachians, several groups of actinopterygian osteichthyans, and some clades of tetrapods. This fauna is thus of greatest interest for our understanding of the origin and evolutionary dynamics of the vertebrate fauna of the Solnhofen Archipelago. The still unstudied halecomorph actinopterygian fauna of Brunn includes potentially endemic species (caturids) as well as more widely distributed Kimmeridgian taxa, which are absent in the Tithonian (the species Ophiopsis muensteri and Ainia armata). With an almost complete record throughout the Jurassic, these fishes represent a very interesting case for evolutionary studies, including analyses of speciation rates and historical biogeography. The biogeographical analyses of the Brunn halecomorphs further approaches a synthesis of both ecological and historical biogeography since both palaeoecological and historical factors are most probably necessary to explain the diversity of these fishes within the palaeoarchipelago. Therefore, the present project is proposed to analyse the halecomorphs from Brunn in detail and explore the patterns and possible causes of faunal changes in halecomorph fishes within the Solnhofen Archipelago in particular, and in the Late Jurassic of the north-western rim of the Tethys in general.