A Study on lmage lmprovement of Radiograph and the Development of Automatic System for Three-Dimensional Measurements

本研究的目的是研究开发一个系统的可能性，可以分析的结构和位置异常有关的硬，软成分的颞下颌关节（Temporomandibular joint）.颞下颌关节X线诊断的关节造影研究：为了改进已经发展起来的三维测量方法，进行了颞下颌关节的关节断层摄影。在关节造影技术建立后，对有指征的病例进行关节造影双对比，研究关节盘形态与关节盘位置、临床特征及颞下颌关节硬组织变化之间的关系。根据研究结果，认为以下研究是必要的. TMJ断层合成及数字视频X线摄影图像改善的研究：研制了一套TMJ断层合成系统，该系统能重建任意深度的TMJ断层图像，并能减少TMJ断层图像中的障碍物， ...更多信息 在图像重建过程中对断层图像进行图像改善处理（积分、畸变校正、双减影）.应用透视变换三维重建方法分析关节窝、关节盘和髁突头的位置关系：（1）髁突头长轴的三维测量。探讨髁突头长轴三维重建的投影方法及其精度。(2)颞下颌关节X线头影测量提出了一种层析层三维倾角和位置的校正方法，并对其精度进行了研究。(3)双平面电影摄影三维测量髁突运动…研究了双平面电影摄影中透视变换法与传统双平面摄影相结合的方法对髁突运动分析的准确性。其结果是，在常规双平面摄影中获得了约0.3mm的精度，在与断层摄影结合时获得了0.5mm的精度，在与电影摄影结合时获得了0.7mm的精度。通过对参考点和目标解剖点三维坐标的精确测量，可以提高透视变换法三维测量的精度。少

The purpose of this study is to research the possibility of the development of a system that can analyse the abnormalities of configuration and position concerning hard and soft components of the TMJ (Temporomandibular joint) .1. Roentgenodiagnostic study of TMJ using arthrography : In order to improve the already developed method for the three-dimensional measurment, arthrotomography of TMJ was performed. After the establishment of the technique for arthrography, double-contrast arthrography was performed on indicated cases, and interrelationships among disc configuration and disc position, clinical feartures, and changes of hard components of TMJ were investigated. As the results following studies were thought to be necessary.2. A study on tomosynthesis of TMJ and image improvement using digital videofluorography : A system was manufactured for trial that can reconstruct the tomographic image of random depth by digital tomosynthesis and that can decrease the obstacle images containg … More in tomographic images by image improvement processing ( integration, correction of distortion, double subtraction ) during the process of image reconstruction.3. Application of the three-dimensional reconstruction using perspective transformation method for the analysis of positional interrelationships among articular fossa, articular disc and condylar head :(1) Threedimensional measurement of long axis of condylar head ... The projection method for the three-dimensional reconstruction of the long axis of condylar head and its accuracy was investigated.(2) Cephalometric tomography of TMJ ... A method for the correction of the three-dimensional inclination and position of tomographic layer was developed and its accuracy was investigated.(3) Three-dimensional measurement of condylar movement using bi-plane cine-radiography ... The accuracy of the method for the analysis of condylar movement was investigated, that was the method appling the perspective transformation method to bi-plane cine-radiography in combination with conventional bi-plane radiography after the correction of the distortion on cine-radiographic images. As the result the accuracy of around 0.3mm was obtained in conventional bi-plane radiography, and that of 0.5mm in combination with tomography, and that of 0.7mm in combination with cineradiography. It became obbious that the accuracy of three-dimensional measurement using perspective transformation method can be improved by more accurate measurements of three-dimensional coordinates of reference points and objective anatomical points. Less