Synthesis of Polymerized Monolayers and Construction of Their Characterization System.

1.含有萘和咔唑发色团的双分子层形成的两亲分子在气液界面形成稳定的单分子膜。单分子膜的宏观性质(pi-A曲线)和微观性质(反射吸收光谱和荧光光谱)表现出令人满意的一致性。相变和荧光光谱表明，分子在水中的取向和分布是可控的。建立了一种用于荧光显微镜研究的微型水槽。温度控制是通过循环水实现的。结晶度较低的单层膜存在漏水现象。需要对槽的设计做一点小的修改。用荧光显微镜系统地观察了单层的形态。氨基酸衍生的两亲体单分子膜在凝聚相的形成过程中表现出手性晶体生长。这表明存在长程有序。对于液体膨胀单分子膜，晶体生长不被识别。单分子膜在铺展时立即结晶，尽管它们具有手性，但只产生不规则晶体。手性形貌似乎是晶体生长受控的结果。合成了头部含丙烯酸酯单元、尾部含醚单元的新型双链两亲分子，并考察了它们在双层状态下的聚合行为。结晶态和液晶态的转化率是定量的，而在没有乙醚单元的情况下，反应活性大大降低。

1. Bilayer-forming amphiphiles which contain naphthalene and carbazole chromophores were found to form stable monolayers at the air-water interface. The macroscopic property (pi-A curve) of the monolayers and their microscopic property (reflection absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies) showed satisfactory correspondence. The molecular orientation and distribution on water were controllable, as evidenced by phase changes and fluorescence spectroscopy.2. A mini-trough for fluorescence microscopy study was constructed. Temperature control was made possible by circulating water. Water leakage was found for monolayers of low crystallinity. A small modification of the trough design is required.3. Observation of the monolayer morphology was carried out systematically by fluorescence microscopy. Monolayers of amino acid-derived amphiphiles displayed chiral crystal growth during the course of formation of the condensed phase. This indicates the presence of a long-range order. The crystal growth was not recognized for liquid expanded monolayers. Monolayers which crystallized immediately upon spreading gave irregular crystals alone in spite of their chiral nature. The chiral morphology appears to result from controlled crystal growth.4. New double-chain amphiphiles which possess the acrylate unit in the head portion and the ether unit in the tail portion were synthesized, and their polymerization behavior in the bilayer state, was examined. The conversion was quantitative in the crystalline and liquid crystalline states, in contrast to much reduced reactivity found in the absence of the ether unit.