Religion and Urbanity: Reciprocal Formations (UrbRel)

宗教和温文尔雅是相互形成的。在项目的第一个阶段，宗教和城市研究小组的工作清楚而详细地证实了这一假设。对宗教和城市化历史发展的差异化启发应用于来自欧洲、地中海周边地区和南亚的不同案例研究，从而为在第二个项目阶段进一步区分初始假设奠定了基础。为了捕捉宗教与城市之间相互作用的复杂性，我们更精确地定义了异性（关于参与者）和共空间性（关于重叠空间构成的纠缠）的概念。这使研究小组能够调查宗教和/或城市行动者的短暂和长期星座和相互作用，以及他们如何以更全面的方式相互构成和感知彼此，并将其与其他学科的调查联系起来。该研究小组以城市与宗教的实践和话语为重点，在城市宗教和历史城市与空间研究领域获得了清晰的形象。它还在国际上确立了自己作为在这一不断发展的研究领域工作的研究员的合作伙伴和研究基础设施的地位。第二个项目阶段致力于研究分化、嵌入和剥离的长期过程在多大程度上可以在这种相互形成中被识别出来。宗教和城市之间相互作用的复杂性已经被异性和共空间性的概念所捕捉，这表明宗教和城市都具有矛盾的特征。这些并不局限于对立的星座，如维持权力和抗议或同质化和多元化。相反，这些矛盾在宗教和城市的不同方面之间建立了联系，从长期的两极分化和紧张中出发。在第二个资助阶段（2023- 2026），研究小组的目标是通过将其术语和方法工具应用于三个研究领域来遵循这条调查路线，这些领域与迄今为止所做的工作相辅相成：群体形成和分裂，商业化和界限划分。每个区域都有特定的过程。与第一个项目阶段确定的一般过程（仪式化、文本化、空间化、时间化、相互联系）类似，这些过程使我们能够以比较、跨时代和跨文化的方式研究城市和城市网络之间的共性和差异。

Religion and urbanity are subject to a reciprocal formation. In the first project phase, the work of the research group Religion and Urbanity confirmed this hypothesis clearly and in detail. A differentiated heuristic for developments in the history of religion and urbanity was applied to diverse case studies from Europe, the circum-Mediterranean region and South Asia, thus laying the foundation for further differentiating the initial hypothesis during a second project phase. In order to capture the complexity of the interactions between religion and urbanity, the concepts of heterarchy (with regard to actors) and co-spatiality (cospatialité, with regard to the entanglement of overlapping spatial constitutions) were defined more precisely. This enabled the research group to investigate momentary and long-term constellations and interactions of religious and/or urban actors and how they reciprocally constituted and perceived each other in a more comprehensive manner and to link this to enquiries in other disciplines. With its focus on practices and discourses of urbanity and religion, the research group has gained a clear profile within the field of urban religion and historical urban and spatial research. It has also established itself internationally as a co-operation partner and research infrastructure for fellows working in this growing field of research. The second project phase is dedicated to examining in how far long-term processes of differentiation, embedding and disembedding can be identified in this reciprocal formation. The complexity of the interaction between religion and urbanity which has been captured by the concepts of heterarchy and co-spatiality, suggests that both religion and urbanity are characterised by ambivalences. These are not limited to oppositional constellations such as maintaining power and protest or homogenisation and pluralisation. Rather, these ambivalences establish connections between the different facets of religion and urbanity, setting out from long-term polarisations and tensions. In a second funding phase (2023-26), the research group aims to follow this line of inquiry by applying its terminological and methodological tools to three areas of research which are complementary to the work done so far: group formations and fragmentations, mercantilisations and demarcations of limits. Each area is characterised by specific processes. Similar to those general processes identified during the first project phase (ritualisations, textualisations, spatialisations, temporalisations, interconnections), these allow us to work out commonalities and differences between cities and urban networks studied by our fellows in a comparative, transepochal and transcultural manner.