Dynamics of resilience in a life crisis: interdisciplinary conceptualization and operationalization

自E.Werner(1977)提出复原力的概念以来，心理学和医学研究中出现了大量的复原力研究和模型。虽然神经心理生物学的跨学科方法已经被开发出来，但在人文科学领域中还没有建立起通往复原力概念的桥梁。基于对现有复原力理论的概述和分析，将使用研究小组的专家组参与的结构化过程来开发新的跨学科复原力定义。特别是，这一发展将解决纯粹从个人力量的角度对弹性公式的批评，重点关注忍耐力的过程以及在危机中无能为力、恐惧和焦虑的形成，并审查灵性对弹性的重要性。基于这一定义，将开发一个弹性模型，其要素可归类为弹性因素和机制。然后，该模型将被用于转换为临床背景并进行经验测试，以检查派生类别与现实生活中弹性的相关性。将对因生活危机而正在接受心身-心理治疗的患者进行半结构化访谈并进行定性分析。这些数据连同其他子项目的理论和经验结果将反馈到研究组内的跨学科讨论中，并将完成建模过程。从这个模型中，将构建一个评估工具，允许在研究组中开发的弹性概念在临床和非临床实践中应用和经验性评估。虽然将使用经典测试构建的方法，但将灵活地在跨学科讨论中开发额外的评估方法，例如使用复原力叙述。在新的患者样本中，将对新的评估工具进行验证和心理测量学评估。一个重点是不同目标群体的跨学科适用性，如次级项目6-8所示。

Since its description by E. Werner (1977), the concept of resilience has led to a wealth of studies and models in psychological and medical research. While interdisciplinary approaches with neuropsychobiology have been developed, a bridge to the concepts of resilience in the field of the humanities has not yet been built.Based on an overview and analysis of existing theories of resilience, a new, interdisciplinary definition of resilience will be developed using a structured process involving the group of experts in the research group. In particular, this development will address criticisms of formulations of resilience purely in terms of personal strength, focus on processes of endurance and the formation of powerlessness, fear and anxiety in a crisis and examine the significance of spirituality for resilience.Building on this definition, a resilience model will be developed, whose elements can be categorized as resilience factors and mechanisms. The model will then be operationalized for translation into clinical contexts and empirically tested, to check the relevance of derived categories for resilience in real life. Semi-structured interviews with patients who are undergoing psychosomatic-psychotherapeutic treatment due to a life crisis will be conducted and qualitatively analyzed. These data, together with both theoretical and empirical results from the other subprojects, will be fed back into interdisciplinary discussion within the research group and will complete the modeling process.From this model, an assessment instrument will be constructed which allows the resilience concept developed in the research group to be applied and empirically assessed in clinical and non-clinical practice. While methods of classical test construction will be used, there will be flexibility to develop additional assessment methods out of the interdisciplinary discussion, e.g. using resilience narratives. In a new sample of patients, the new assessment tool will be validated and psychometrically evaluated. One focus is on the interdisciplinary applicability in different target groups, as represented in subprojects 6-8.