Empirical Associations of Spirituality and Resilience

“灵性与弹性的实证关联”项目是DFG研究小组“宗教与灵性中的弹性”的子项目。耐力和无力感，恐惧和焦虑的形成"由科妮莉亚·里希特教授（波恩）负责。子项目的目的是实证研究在N = 300的样本中，弹性和灵性的不同方面之间的相互关联，这些样本在项目期间将接受两次全面的问卷调查。此外，为了更好地了解复原力和灵性的潜在方面的具体背景，应在两次调查之间通过详细访谈对n = 30人的选定子样本进行评估。关于它们与幸福的关系，弹性和灵性在当前的话语中得到了不同的反映，因此，不同的概念：弹性被理解为一种特质或能力，一种应对危机的适应过程，或者是危机的积极结果，这取决于不同的观点，而灵性则被视为一种人格倾向，一种应对资源或策略，也是一种幸福的维度（“精神幸福”）。到目前为止，复原力和灵性的这些不同方面还没有经过系统的实证研究。因此，弹性和灵性应在提交的项目中使用一些标准化的心理测量量表进行差异定量评估，并在提交的项目中采用信仰发展访谈（FDI）进行定性评估，以调查灵性-根据经验（M-Scale）和关于超越的信念（ttv -rev），资源和应对形式（COPE）的理解和评估之间的经验关联。以及在他们特定的传记背景下的幸福感维度（PTGI -灵性）和弹性——根据特征（简短弹性量表，Resilienzskala）或人格模式（BFI-K）、处理负担的过程（COPE）和它们对幸福感的影响（Ryff-Scale）来理解和评估——看起来是什么样的。因此，我们可以预期，我们将有可能以不同的方式有效地描绘出复原力和灵性的作用，以及它们在应对悲伤过程中各方面的相互关联，理解这两种现象在它们特有的传记背景下以及它们与幸福感的联系，因此，从根本上促进复原力跨学科理论的发展，这一理论对灵性很敏感。

The project “Empirical Associations of Spirituality and Resilience” is submitted as sub-project of the DFG research group “Resilience in Religion and Spirituality. Endurance and the Formation of Powerlessness, Fear and Anxiety” which is submit-ted in charge by Prof. Dr. Cornelia Richter (Bonn). It is the aim of the subproject to empirically investigate the mutual associations between distinct facets of resilience and spirituality among a sample of N = 300 bereaved who shall be surveyed twice with a comprehensive questionnaire during the project. Additionally a selected subsample of n = 30 persons shall be assessed with a detailed interview between the two surveys in order to better understand the specific backgrounds of potential facets of resilience and spirituality.Concerning their associations with well-being both resilience and spirituality are reflected diversely in current discourses and, hence, heterogeneously conceptualized: While resilience is understood in terms of a trait or ability, an adaptation process during coping with a crisis, or a positive outcome of the crisis depending on the diverse perspectives, spirituality is regarded as personality disposition, as coping resource or strategy as well as a dimension of well-being (“spiritual well-being”). So far these differing facets of resilience and spirituality have never systematically been studied empirically. Hence, resilience and spirituality shall be differentially assessed quantitatively with a number of standardized psychometric scales and qualitatively with an adaptation of the Faith Development Interview (FDI) in the submitted project in order to investigate how the empirical associations between spirituality—understood and assessed in terms of experiences of (M-Scale) and beliefs about transcendence (TPV-rev), of a resource and form of coping (COPE), and of a dimension of well-being (PTGI – Spirituality) in their specific biographic contexts (FDI)—and resilience—understood and assessed in terms of a trait (Brief Resilience Scale, Resilienzskala) or personality pattern (BFI-K), of a process of dealing with burden (COPE), and of their effects on well-being (Ryff-Scale)—look like. As results it can be expected that it will be possible to differentially and validly map the roles of resilience and spirituality and the mutual associations of their facets in the process of coping with grief, to understand both phenomena in their characteristic biographical contexts and in their associations to well-being, and, hence, to essentially contribute to the development of an interdisciplinary theory of resilience which is sensitive for spirituality.