Production mechanisms of ejectives in German, English and Georgian

在项目“德语，英语和格鲁吉亚语中喷射词的产生机制”中，我们建立了一个多语言，多通道语料库，其中包含有关音位，副现象和社会音位喷射词的声学和发音信息。作为项目延续的一部分，我们将通过获取额外的男性发言者和L2发言者的录音来丰富这个语料库，以调查生物性别和性别认同的影响，以及外语水平上的语音特征的弹射产品。本文对格鲁吉亚籍德语学习者和德国籍英语学习者的英语喷射性产出的声学和发音特征进行了研究。我们的目的是调查是否格鲁吉亚学习者的德语产生副现象的喷射词，特别是当阴影的德语母语，也是否德国学习者的英语产生sociophonetic喷射词取决于他们个人的学习过程和他们的目标品种的英语。将数据采集从女性扩展到男性，可以在性别角色的角度下详细分析喷射性产品。项目延续的另一个目标是调查信息理论因素对喷射产生的影响。频率效应和可预测性效应会影响语音结构的声学标记性。因为我们知道，喷射词会显示出更强的声学标记性，所以我们预计它们会在难以预测的语境中更频繁地出现。这一研究思路也为外语学习提供了一个新的视角。根据母语使用者共享一个共同语言模式的假设，二语熟练度可以被定义为对该语言模式的熟悉程度。因此，信息论的因素可以用来解释二语言语中喷射词产生的变异性。

In the project „The production mechanisms of ejectives in German, English and Georgian“ we have built a multi-lingual, multi-channel corpus with acoustic and articulatory information about phonemic, epiphenomenal, and sociophonetic ejectives. As part of the project continuation we will enrich this corpus by acquiring additional recordings of male speakers and L2 speakers in order to investigate the impact of biological sex and gender identity, as well as foreign language proficiency on the phonetic characteristics of ejective productions. The acoustic and articulatory features of ejective productions of Georgian learners of German and German learners of English are investigated. We aim to investigate whether Georgian learners of German produce epiphenomenal ejectives, especially when shadowing German native speakers, and also whether German learners of English produce sociophonetic ejectives depending on their individual learning process and their target variety of English. Expanding the data acquisition from female to male speakers allows a detailed analysis of ejective productions under the aspect of gender role. Another goal of the project continuation is to investigate the impact of information-theoretic factors on ejective production. It is well known that frequency and predictability effects can affect the acoustic markedness of phonetic structures. Because ejectives are known to display increased acoustic markedness, we expect them to appear more frequently in contexts that are difficult to predict. This line of research can also provide a new perspective on foreign language learning. Following the hypothesis that L1 speakers share a common language model, L2 proficiency can be defined as the level of familiarity with that language model. Therefore, information-theoretic factors can be used to explain the variability of ejective production in L2 speech.