Youth Alcohol Consumption, Traffic Accidents, and Mortality

过量饮酒是全球疾病、残疾和死亡的主要风险因素之一。有害的酒精消费和酗酒是青年和年轻人的特别危险因素。这项研究提案包括三个不同的子项目，每个子项目都涉及青年人过度饮酒的政策相关决定因素的不同方面。第一个分项目的重点是一项政策，通过在德国规定两个不同的年龄界限（16岁和18岁）的最低法律的饮酒年龄，来管制人口获得酒精的机会。通过比较接近年龄临界值左右的个体，我们旨在研究该法律对一般死亡率和致命交通事故的影响（回归不连续设计）。第二个子项目分析了一项关于暂时获得酒精的规定，即德国联邦巴登-符滕贝格州2010年深夜酒精销售禁令。该分析将对比巴登-符滕贝格各县与德国其他不受管制的县在深夜酒精销售禁令之前和之后，以调查其对年轻人中与酒精相关的交通事故和死亡的影响（差异中的差异方法）。第三个分项目的主要兴趣是利用德国各县外来的德裔移民，研究来自饮酒文化较广泛的国家的移民对青年饮酒和青年交通事故的影响。总体而言，我们的项目通过提供新的证据来证明监管策略和移民对年轻人过度饮酒这一重要健康风险的有效性，从而增加了文献。特别是，这些次级项目审查了可能影响过度饮酒和与酒精有关的交通事故的风险因素和潜在政策的相关性。所有次级项目都侧重于青年人的酒精消费和交通事故，这具有特别的政策相关性。此外，这些分项目利用最先进的微观经济计量评价技术进行自然实验，以确定因果关系。每个次级项目都将行政数据与自行进行的互联网调查的新信息结合起来，并以德国为重点，因为该国的年轻人普遍酗酒。

Excessive alcohol consumption is among the leading risk factors regarding diseases, disabilities, and mortality worldwide. Harmful consumption of alcohol and binge drinking are particularly risk factors for youths and young adults. This research proposal covers three different subprojects, with each addressing different aspects of policy-related determinants of excessive alcohol consumption among young individuals. The first subproject focuses on a policy that regulates the demographic access to alcohol by imposing a minimum legal drinking age at two different age thresholds (ages 16 and 18 years) in Germany. By comparing individuals close to the left and right of the age cutoffs, we aim to examine the effect of the law on general mortality and fatal traffic accidents (regression discontinuity design). The second subproject analyzes a regulation of the temporal access to alcohol, namely the 2010 late-night alcohol sales ban in the German federal state of Baden-Württemberg. The analysis will contrast counties in Baden-Württemberg with other unregulated counties in Germany before and after the late-night alcohol sales ban to investigate its impact on alcohol-related traffic accidents and fatalities among young people (difference-in-differences approach). By exploiting the exogenous allocation of ethnic German immigrants to German counties, the effect of immigration from countries with a more extensive drinking culture on youth alcohol consumption and youth traffic accidents will be of main interest in the third subproject. Overall, our project adds to the literature by providing novel evidence on the effectiveness of regulatory strategies and immigration on an important health risk among young people, excessive alcohol consumption. In particular, the subprojects examine the relevance of risk factors and potential policies that might affect excessive alcohol consumption and alcohol-related traffic accidents. All subprojects focus on alcohol consumption and traffic accidents of young people, which is of particular policy relevance. Further, the subprojects exploit natural experiments by means of state-of-the-art microeconometric evaluation techniques in order to establish causal relationships. Each subproject combines administrative data with new information from a self-conducted Internet survey and focuses on Germany, a country where heavy alcohol consumption is prevalent among young individuals.