Polymerized Ionic Liquids-based Hydrogels as Innovative Drug Carriers in Controllable and Individualized Dosage Forms

由于制药工业中对药物控释的需求不断增长，人们对开发新型可靠的药物递送系统重新产生了兴趣。在这项具有挑战性的任务方面，文献考虑了各种方法，包括将药物嵌入水凝胶中。已经存在的智能水凝胶的缺点是它们的低机械稳定性、有限且不完全可逆的溶胀能力以及对外部刺激的缓慢响应。为了改善这些性能，本研究项目旨在合成，化学修饰和优化新型聚合离子液体（PIL）为基础的水凝胶作为药物载体。该研究旨在在规定的时间内和特定位置实现水凝胶的选择性药物释放，以控制作用持续时间，同时最大限度地减少作用部位以外的不良反应。水凝胶的溶胀性质是扩散控制和化学控制释放的重要因素，并且在本研究项目中研究了该性质。溶胀和释放曲线应根据各种参数进行调整，例如交联剂量、IL单体、含水量、干燥方法以及活性成分和溶剂的分子量。蛋白激酶抑制剂应作为溶胀和释放实验的第一模型物质。PIL具有特定的优点：它们的多孔聚合物结构具有非常大的内表面。因此，它们的性质，如亲脂-亲水平衡，可以通过改变它们的化学官能度来定制。除了它们的高储水能力之外，这些材料在水性和有机介质中显示出不同的溶胀和收缩行为。该特征可用于使用靶向功能化实现活性成分的靶向刺激响应性释放，作为外部影响（例如pH、温度、光和压力）的函数。由于不同身体部位的生理pH变化很大，通过pH依赖性溶胀行为，在体内所需的时间和作用部位可获得所需量的活性剂。

Due to the growing demand for a controlled release of drugs in the pharmaceutical industry, there has been renewed interest in the development of novel and reliable drug delivery systems. In terms of this challenging task, the literature considers various approaches, including embedding drugs in hydrogels. The disadvantages of already existing intelligent hydrogels are their low mechanical stability, limited and not completely reversible swelling capacity, and slow response to external stimuli. To improve these properties, this research project seeks to synthesize, chemically modify, and optimize novel polymerized ionic liquids (PILs)-based hydrogels as drug carriers. This research aims to achieve selective drug release from hydrogels over a defined period and at a specific location to control the duration of action while minimizing undesired effects outside the site of action. The swelling property of hydrogels is a significant factor for diffusion-controlled and chemically controlled releases, and this property is investigated in this research project. The swelling and release profile should be adjusted depending on various parameters, such as the crosslinker amount, IL monomer, water content, drying method, and the molecular weight of the active ingredient and solvent. Protein kinase inhibitors should be used as the first model substances for the swelling and release experiments. PILs have a specific advantage: their porous polymer structure has a very large internal surface. Therefore, their properties, such as the lipophilic-hydrophilic balance, can be tailored by modifying their chemical functionalities. In addition to their high capacity for water storage, these materials show different swelling and shrinking behaviors in aqueous and organic media. This feature could be used to achieve the targeted stimulus-responsive release of active ingredients as a function of external influences, such as pH, temperature, light, and pressure, using targeted functionalization. Due to the large variations in physiological pH at various body sites, the required amount of active agents is made available at the desired time and site of action in the body by pH-dependent swelling behavior.