Methods for an Efficient Product Development of Drive Components in Consideration of Complete Vehicle Criteria Using the Example of the Exterior Noise

由于废气排放或噪音排放等部门的手续越来越严格，为确保遵守这些规定而制定的新程序对于新车的开发是必要的。为此，必须开发关于极限值的方法，该方法能够在车辆开发过程的早期阶段估计和量化车辆的部分系统对整车的影响。因此，可以推断这些部分系统优化的可能性。在本研究方案中，将研究和开发这样一种方法，使开发工程师能够量化和优化汽车零部件的影响，通过杂交和电气化获得更多关注。在卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院(KIT)产品工程研究所(KIT)的一个研究项目的范围内，开发了一种测量程序的基本方法，用于确定从大型(根据DIN ISO 362-1)到小型舱室的车辆发出的噪声。这种方法的目的是让在车辆声学领域没有显著能力的工程师以更低的工作量和成本执行该程序。它使用了一个简单的声源计算模型，从目前的观点来看，该模型仅适用于采用常规动力总成的车辆，分别使用稳定的驾驶状态和固定的(声音)声源位置。如先前为测量程序的定标所确定的，有必要知道车辆的源位置。这可以通过检查带有传统动力装置的乘用车的各个来源来实现。然而，对于例如混合驱动拓扑或非稳定驱动状态，该方法不能立即转移，因为源的权重甚至位置在测量过程期间改变。根据运行状态(例如，内燃机的接合和脱离)，可能会出现动态声源。在提出的研究项目范围内，该方法将通过上述问题以及车辆单个声源的贡献的虚拟变化来扩展，从而可以定位和量化各个声源的位置和内容。因此，可以在车辆开发过程的较早阶段估计新型驱动拓扑的组件的影响，或者通常在子系统级别上的调整。

Due to increasingly stringent formalities in sectors as exhaust gas emissions or noise emissions, new procedures for their ensured adherence become necessary for the development of new vehicles. Thereto, methods which are able to estimate and quantify influences of partial systems of the vehicle on the complete vehicle in an earlier stage of the vehicle development process, regarding the limit values, have to be developed. Hence, possibilities for an optimization of those partial systems can be deduced.In this research proposal, such a method, which enables development engineers to quantify and optimize influences of vehicle components, that gain more attention through the hybridization and electrification, is to be investigated and developed. This is to be verified, using the example of the vehicle exterior acoustics.Within the scope of a research project at IPEK – Institute of Product Engineering at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), a fundamental method for the scaling of the measurement procedure for the determination of the noise emitted by vehicles from large (in terms of DIN ISO 362-1) to small chambers was developed. This method is meant to allow engineers without significant competences in the fields of vehicle acoustics, to execute the procedure with lower effort and costs. It uses a simple model of source calculation, which from the present point of view is only valid for vehicles with conventional powertrains, using steady driving states and unvaried (sound) source positions respectively. As previously identified for the scaling of the measurement procedure, it is necessary to know the source position of the vehicle. This can be accomplished by an examination of the individual sources of a passenger car with a conventional power unit. For e.g. hybrid drive topologies or non-steady driving states however, this method is not immediately transferable, since the weighting or even the positions of the sources vary during the measuring procedure. Dynamic sound sources can emerge, depending on the operational state (e.g. engagement and disengagement of the internal combustion engine). This influences the scaling of the measurement setup significantly, which then would have to be adjusted in real-time during the measurement.Within the scope of the proposed research project, the method is to be extended by the aforementioned issues, as well as a virtual variation of the contribution of single sources of the vehicle, so that the position and the content of the respective sound source can be localized and quantified. Thereby, influences of components of novel drive topologies, or adjustments on a subsystem level in general, can be estimated in an earlier stage of the vehicle development process.