Intentional Forgetting and Changes in Work Processes: A Process-Conditional Approach in the Administrative and IT Context

这个项目的总体目标是概念，开发和实施一个正式的和心理为基础的模型FADE_p表示和改善组织的工作过程。这是通过分析，调整和改进适当的工作流程来实现的，这些工作流程包括有效性，压力和鲁棒性，以及它们对工作流程的认知适应性。其核心思想是确定工作过程的基本操作，并用条件句和过程条件句的新概念对其进行描述，并根据经验识别压力因素，进而减少压力因素。特别是，FADEp旨在抽象特殊情况和例外，只要这些不相关。这提高了进程的清晰度，并促进了进程的调整，而调整往往必须从关键点开始。为此目的，有意遗忘的方法和技术，这是在第一阶段开发的框架内的FADE系统，适应的过程的治疗的细节，并进一步发展成FADEp。这需要形式逻辑和认知心理的扩展：逻辑的使用将有助于确保工作流程的有效性和一致性，即使在变化之后，并计算变化的影响。背景知识可以揭示过程中的冗余，但也可以揭示过程中的差距和错误。通过使用默认逻辑来处理不确定性，可以开发特殊情况和异常来提高工作流的鲁棒性。工作过程中的压力因素，这是确定从心理学的分析方法，明确包括在建模中。因此，压力因素是知识的一部分，可以通过改变和遗忘操作来操纵，因此，形式上有针对性地减少压力是可能的。将压力因素纳入工作流程，可以朝着正式改进工作流程的方向迈出第一步，包括认知心理方面。总之，要在认知改变努力和基于可能减少压力的改变之间取得平衡。另一方面，从这种优化的结果可以再次影响正式的变化和遗忘操作的设计。我们将与多特蒙德理工大学的IT和媒体中心合作，根据具体的工作流程验证和评估开发的方法。

The overall objective of this project is the conception, development, and implementation of a formal and psychologically-based model FADE_p for representing and improving work processes in organizations. This is achieved by analyzing, adapting, and improving appropriate workflows in terms of effectiveness, stress and robustness, as well as their cognitive fit to work processes. The core idea is to work out essential operations of work processes and describe them by conditionals and the new concept of process conditionals, and empirically identifying stress factors and then reducing them. In particular, FADEp aims at an abstraction of special cases and exceptions, as long as these are not relevant. This improves the clarity of the process and facilitates its adaption, which often has to start at key points. For this purpose methods and techniques of intentional forgetting, which were developed in the first phase within the framework of the FADE system, are adapted to the specifics of the treatment of processes and further developed into FADEp. This requires both formal-logical and cognitive-psychological extensions: the use of logic will help to ensure the effectiveness and consistency of the workflow even after a change and to calculate the implications of changes. Background knowledge can reveal redundancies, but also gaps and errors in the process. By using default logics to handle uncertainties, special cases and exceptions to improve the robustness of the workflow can be developed. Stressful factors in work processes, which are identified by analytical methods from psychology, are explicitly included in the modeling. Stress factors are thus part of the knowledge that can be manipulated through change and forgetting operations, so that formally the targeted reduction of stress is possible. The inclusion of stress factors in work processes allows a first step in the direction of a formal improvement of work processes, including cognitive psychological aspects. In summary, a balance is to be achieved between cognitive change effort and change based on a possible reduction in stress. On the other hand, the findings from this optimization can again influence the design of the formal change and forgetting operations. We will validate and evaluate the methods to be developed on the basis of concrete work processes in cooperation with the IT and Media Center of the TU Dortmund.