A Study on Ultra-Long-Term Simulation of Hydrocarbon Resources Formation

为了提高油田的发现概率，提高储量估算的可靠性，对沉积盆地油气形成的长期地质/地球化学/物理过程进行了研究。结果总结如下。(1)进行了机械压实、泥质样品中流体两相运移、砂质样品中流体二次运移的实验研究。特别是压实实验结果表明，通过大范围的机械压实作用，岩石物性参数孔隙度和渗透率在对数-对数标绘上可以线性相关。(2)建立了三维数值模拟系统，对岩石中的压实、热流体传递、干酪根生成烃的化学反应等过程进行了组合、建模和编码。还开发了外围图形来检查和显示计算结果。(3)地质研究：收集与地质/构造/化学史相关的现场和实验数据，收集已发表的文章和实验。为了验证模拟代码的正确性和可重复性，在收集数据的基础上，利用1-D和2-D流域模型进行了几个案例研究。

For the purpose of improving probability of discovery of oil fields, and making the reserve estimation more reliable, the long-term geological/geochemical/physical processes that contribute to form oil/gas field in the sedimentary basins were studied. The summary of results are as follows.(1) Experimental studies concerned with mechanical compaction and 2-phase fluid migration in/from muddy samples, secondary fluid migration through sandy samples were conducted. Especially, the results of experiments on compaction shows us that petrophysical parameters, i.e., porosity and premeabily can be correlated linearly on log-log plotting through wide range of mechanical compaction.(2) A 3-D numerical simulator was developed, in which processes including compaction, heat and fluids transfer in the rock, chemical reaction that produces hydrocarbon from kerogen, are combined, modeled and coded. The peripheral graphics are also developed to check and display the calculated results.(3) Geological studies to collect field and experimental data related to geological/structural/chemical history were collected from published articles and experiments. In order to check the correctness and reproductivity of the simulation code, several case studies using 1-D and 2-D basin models were made based on the collected data.