Preparation of New Functionality Materials by Means of Soft Chemistry

新的化合物是由各种软化学方法制成的，如离子交换、中间化、去中间化和锂。（1）CuMb_2O_6 （M=Nb， Ta）中LiNbO_3型化合物的制备。CuNb_2O_6和CuTa_2O_6中的锂的化学插入有一个局部的超密度型和一个块状型结构，准确地，在房间温度的n-丁基溶液和50^C，yield的新化合物，Li_<1-x>Cu_xMO_3中提取的铜的一部分。当M=Ta时，该产品被发现具有LiNbO_3型结构，作为阅读的topotactic结构变化的结果。关于CuNb_2O_6框架的另一方接触到了阅读，但在大气层中升高的温度下加热，并将化合物转化为LiNbO_3类型结构。也可以说，转换公司对这些事件的重新排列，它被认为是一个拓扑化学变化，因为六角封闭的氧化物阵列在b中保留。 ... More 其他结构类型。The cr？structure of Li\@21-x\@>D2Cu\@D2x @>D2MO\@D23 @>D2 was refined by the X-ray\der Rietveld method， revealing the arrangement of cation is very similar to that of ferroelectric LiMO\@D23 @>D2。（2） Intercalation of organic bases into layered compounds with controlled charge densities of the layer。（H， Na）_xMo_2O_4·nH_2O和HTaWO_6·nH_2O与n-烷基胺、n-烷基二胺和各种有机基在房间温度下低于它们，温度为90^C在密封玻璃管中3天至2周。In spite of difference in the charge density， the basal spacings of intercalation compounds from （H， Na）_xMo_2O_4·nH_2O and H_xWOP_2O_7·nH_2O were similar for the same number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chains.即使是基础空间的备选变化也被观察到n-烷基胺衍生物，并指示层空间中的常规石蜡类型结构。用于互连化合物的HTaWO_6·nH_2O和对（H， Na） _xMo_4·nH_2O和H_xWOP_2O_7·nH_2O的非常declined arrangement of alkylchains对（H， Na） _xMo_4·nH_2O和H_xWOP_2O_7·nH_2O具有低电荷密度。有报道称，烷基链的跨顺式转变可用于分层化合物的某些n烷基胺衍生物的（H， Na）_xMo_2O_4·nH_2O，并将喹啉与0.56个pKa进行比较，其中HTaWO_6·nH_2O的酸比分层钛、铌酸和分子酸含量强。这种化合物的特征特征是其对刚性分子这样的干扰的能力，即P-氨基偶氮苯，因为它已经被认为是很难被干扰的。根据事实，同位素喹啉衍生出的光致变色剂在X射线、HTaWO_6·nH_2O辐射中是一种新的功能材料，用于基于分子在隔层空间或来宾分子和宿主之间的相互作用，作为催化剂良好的潜在材料。Less（低）

New compounds were prepared by various soft chemical methods such as ion exchange, intercalation, deintercalation and lithiation.(1) Preparation of LiNbO_3-type compounds from CuMb_2O_6 (M=Nb, Ta).Chemical insertion of lithium into CuNb_2O_6 and CuTa_2O_6 which have a distorted perovskite-type and the columbite-type structure, repectively, was carried out in the hexane solution of n-butyllithium at room temperature and 50^ﾟC, yielding new compounds, Li_<1-x>Cu_xMO_3, where part of Cu ion was extracted. When M=Ta, the product was found to have the LiNbO_3-type structure as a result of topotactic structural change on lithiation. On the other hand the framework of CuNb_2O_6 was intact on lithiation, but by heating at elevated temperatures in Ar atmosphere, the compounds transformed to the LiNbO_3 type structure. Although the transformation accompanies rearrangement of cations, it was considered to be a topochemical change, because the hexagonal close packed oxygen array was preserved in b … More oth structural types. The crystal structure of Li<@21-x<@>D2Cu<@D2x@>D2MO<@D23@>D2 was refined by the X-ray powder Rietveld method, revealing the arrangement of cation is very similar to that of ferroelectric LiMO<@D23@>D2.(2) Intercalation of organic bases into layered compounds with controlled charge densities of the layer.(H, Na)_xMo_2O_4・nH_2O and HTaWO_6・nH_2O were reacted with n-alkylamines, n-alkyldiamines and various organic bases having lower pKa than them at room temperature and 90^ﾟC for 3 days to 2 weeks in a sealed glass tube. In spite of difference in the charge density, the basal spacings of intercalation compounds from (H, Na) _x Mo_2O_4・nH_2O and H_xWOP_2O_7・nH_2O were similar for the same number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chains. The odd-even alternative change of the basal spacings was observed for n-alkyldiamine derivatives, indicating regular paraffin type structure in the interlayer spaces. The basal spacings of diamine deivatives indicated the gauche form of alkylchain for intercalation compounds of HTaWO_6・nH_2O and very declined arrangement of alkylchains to the layer for (H, Na) _xMo_4・nH_2O and H_xWOP_2O_7・nH_2O with low charge densities. The trans-cis transition of alkyl chain which is reported for some n-alkylamine derivatives of layered compounds was observed for the diamine derivatives of (H, Na)_xMo_2O_4・nH_2O.The intercalation of quinoxaline with pKa of 0.56 indicates that HTaWO_6・nH _2O is stronger acid than layered titanates, niobates and molybdates. The characteristic feature of this compound is its capability of intercalation of rigid molecules such as p-aminoazobenzene which have been thought difficult to be intercalated. As indicated by the fact that isoquinoline derivative shows photochromisim on radiation of X-ray, HTaWO_6・nH_2O is a potential material for new functional material based on the interaction between molecules in the interlayer spaces or guest molecule and host as well as for catalyst. Less