Re-examination of Ontological and Epistemological Concepts Based on the Logico-semantical Studies of Japanese

我们的研究目的是根据对日语逻辑语义方面的研究，重新审视传统的哲学概念。为此，我们使用了在形式语义中开发的方法。本文的主要研究成果如下：在哲学传统中，对自然语言的研究一直是在一种有影响的三分法下进行的，即句法、语义和语用。我们对日语语义学的研究表明，这种三分法不适用于解释各种语义现象。然而，我们必须承认，我们没有一个框架可以替代传统的三分法。我们就如何划定语义学与语用学的新界限提出了一些建议。我们认为，对某类日语形容词的研究可以对传统的认识论问题，特别是他心问题提供启示。我们考察了日语的量化表达，并对这些表达的语义与本体论问题，特别是“本体论承诺”问题之间的关系提出了一些建议。

The aim of our research was to re-examine the traditional philosophical concepts in the light of the investigation of the logico-semantical aspects of Japanese. Towards that end, we used the methods that have been developed in formal semantics. The main results of our research are as follows:1. In philosophical tradition, the studies of a natural language have been conducted under an influential trichotomy, which is constituted by syntax, semantics and pragmatics. Our research of Japanese semantics has made it clear that this trichotomy is not appropriate to explain various semantical phenomena.2. However, we must admit that we do not have a framework alternative to the traditional trichotomy. We have made some suggestions about how to mark the new boundary between semantics and pragmatics.3. We suggested that the study of certain class of Japanese adjectives can shed light towards the traditional epistemological problems, especially the problem of other minds.4. We investigated the Japanese expressions for quantification and made some suggestions as to the relation between a semantics of such expressions and the ontological problems, especially the problem of "ontological commitments".