An Epidemiological Study of TMJ Dysfunction Syndrome in Adolescents

本研究的第一个目的是探讨颞下颌关节（TMJ）功能障碍综合征在小学生、初中生和高中生中的患病率、症状的变化以及症状形式的分布。研究对象为898名儿童和2245名学生（1665名男生和1478名女生）。为了对TMJ功能障碍综合征进行二次流行病学调查，根据临床症状对东京都（男生930人，女生843人）和鹿儿岛（男生1507人，女生1324人）的4604名初高中学生进行临床调查。TMJ功能障碍综合征被定义为出现以下三种症状中的一种或多种：(a)髁突运动时的声音，(b)下颌运动受限，(c)咀嚼区和颞下颌关节疼痛。实验结果如下：1. 与我们8年前的研究相比，本研究中所有受试者的TMJ功能障碍综合征患病率均有所增加，差异有统计学意义。2. 在患病率的增加方面，男女之间存在显著差异。女孩的患病率明显上升。3. 在东京和鹿儿岛的这些受试者中有类似倾向的TMJ功能障碍综合征的患病率是不受地区影响的。4. 在东京和鹿儿岛，颞下颌关节功能障碍综合征的患病率在女孩中比男孩更常见。在女生多于男生的两所学校中，特别按学校分类的TMJ功能障碍综合征患病率存在差异，性别差异显著的学生人数被标记出来。然而，性别之间没有统计学上的显著差异。

The first purpose of this study was to investigate the change of the prevalence of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction syndrome, of the signs, and the prevalence distribution of the form of the signs among primary school children, junior high school children and senior high school student as compared with the our previous study which was performed with the same methods. The subjects were 898 children and 2245 students (1665 boys and 1478 girls).In order to secondary conduct as epidemiological investigation of the TMJ dysfunction syndrome, 4604 students of junior high school and high schools in Tokyo (930 boys and 843 girls) and Kagoshima (1507 boys and 1324 girls) were investigated clinically according to the clinical signs.The TMJ dysfunction syndrome has been defined as the prevalence of one or more of the following three signs ; (a) sounds during condyle movements, (b) limitation of mandibular movement, (c) pain in the region of the mastication and the TMJ.The results were as follows ; 1. The prevalece of the TMJ dysfunction syndrome increased with significant differences among all of the subjects in this study as compared with the our previous study of eight years ago. 2. There was significant difference in the increase of the prevalence between the sexes. The increase of the prevalence in girls was marked. 3. The prevalence in the TMJ dysfunction syndrome in these subjects in Tokyo and Kagoshima of similar tendency was determined irrespective of the region. 4. The prevalence of the TMJ dysfunction syndrome in Tokyo and Kagoshima was more common among girls than boys. The prevalenceof the TMJ dysfunction syndrome classified particularly by schools was found to show a differrencein the prevalence in two schools in which there were more girls than boys, the number of students showing notable difference by sex being marked. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the sexes.