Experimental simulation of aqueous alteration in primitive meteorites and characterization by electron microscopy

在酸性和中性条件下，对不同Fe/Mg配比的橄榄石粉进行了热液蚀变实验，并对产物进行了透射电镜观察。以Fo100为原料，在酸性和中性条件下，以Fo92和Fo80为原料，在酸性条件下合成了发育良好的管状蛇纹石（温石棉）晶体。温石棉的丰度和大小明显取决于橄榄石中铁的含量，即随着铁含量的增加，形成的温石棉越来越少，体积越来越小。溶液的酸度对温石棉的形成起着重要的作用。在酸性条件下处理的Fo50和Fo20得到了层状硅酸盐的片状和纤维状晶体，可能是蛇纹石，与CI和CM球粒陨石中的层状硅酸盐最相似。Fa100和Fo20形成了富铁颗粒（可能是氢氧化铁）的草莓状聚集体，而Fa100没有形成层状硅酸盐。

Hydrothermal alteration experiments of olivine powder with several Fe/Mg rations were carried out under acidic and neutral conditions, and TEM observations were made on the run products. Well-developed tubular crystals of serpentine (chrysotile) were synthesized from Fo100 under both acidic and neutral conditons, and from Fo92 and Fo80 under acidic condition. Abundance and size of chrysotile apparently depend on the Fe contents of olivine, i.e. with increasing Fe contents, less and smaller chrysotile was formed. Acidity of the solution plays an important role for the formation of chrysotile. Platy and fibrous crystals of phyllosilicate, probably serpentine, were obtained from Fo50 and Fo20 treated under acidic condition, which are most similar to the phyllosilicates in the CI and CM chondrites. Framboidal aggregates of Fe-rich grains (Presumably Fe-hydroxide) were formed from Fa100 and Fo20, but not phyllosilicate was formed Fa100.