New Developments in the Maintenance of Peace by the United Nations

在后冷战时代，国际社会需要一种新的国际秩序，在这种秩序中，联合国将为国际和平与安全发挥关键作用。然而，人们可能认识到，联合国在冷战时期的做法与冷战后人们所期望和实现的作用之间存在着一定的差距。事实是，在最近的情况下，如伊拉克-科威特冲突、前南斯拉夫问题或索马里问题，采取了集体安全和维持和平的综合措施。我们审查了联合国和平职能的新发展，重点是集体安全与维持和平之间的相互关系。国际开发协会的研究首先从整体上重新评价联合国在集体安全和维持和平方面的实践，从而得出集体安全及其实践的理论框架边缘的一些限制和问题。他还分析了《国际刑事法院规约》条款草案。酒井试图对1989年以后采取的各种维持和平行动进行精确分析，并指出传统维持和平原则的一些重要演变；(1)缺乏同意；(2)控制不明确；(3)权限扩大；(4)自卫使用武力限制不严格。

The International Community in the post-cold-war era needs a new international order, in which the U.N.will play a crucial role for international peace and security. However, a certain gap may be recognized between the practice of the U.N.in the cold-war era and the role which will be expected and realizable after the cold-war. The fact is that a complex of collective security and peace-keeping has been taken in recent cases, like Iraq-Kweit conflict, Ex-Yugoslavia case or Somalia. We examined new developements fo peace function of the U.N., focussing on the interrelationship between collective security and peace-keeping.IDA's research began with re-evaluation of the U.N.practice in collective security and peace-keeping as a whole, so as to draw some limits and problems lying on the edge of the theoretical framework of collective security and its practice. He also analyzed the draft articles of Statute of the International Criminal Court. SAKAI tried a precise analysis of various peace-keeping operations taken after 1989 and pointed out some important evolutions of traditional principles of peace-keeping ; (1) lack of consent, (2) ambiguity of control, (3) expansion of competence and (4) loose limit of the use of force for self-defense.