Adaptability of tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) to environmental factors

与普通荞麦相比，苦荞麦具有产量高、耐寒、耐旱等特点。然而，对苦荞麦的研究工作却很薄弱。本研究旨在阐明苦荞的生理生态特性及其变异，为苦荞的进一步利用和推广栽培提供依据。生态变异及性状分析：在田间条件下，对237个苦荞品系的开花生长习性、生产力和形态株型进行了调查。从上述性状与采集地地理特征的关系中，概括了苦荞生态性状的变异规律。20个主要菌株在第二年进行了更详细的调查。根据所获得的结果，包括对播种时间的响应，将苦荞麦菌株分为几组。通过对苦荞芽伸长的详细数据进行分析，可以更清楚地了解苦荞对环境因子的适应性。种子性状分析：应用图像分析中的傅里叶分析方法，对种子形状变异进行分类，明确不同采集点的差异。并从采集地的栽培利用情况分析了种子形状的变异。用测色仪对种子颜色进行定量分析。在获得尼泊尔菌株的数据之前，建立了获得精确数据的测量程序，这些菌株显示出非常大的颜色变化。通过HPLC法对芦丁进行定量分析，发现种子和叶片中的芦丁含量在菌株间和菌株内存在差异。对种子苦味成分进行了化学分析。这些数据和有待进一步收集的种子蛋白质组分数据，对种子组分性质的育种具有根本性的重要意义，已经积累了相当多的数据。

Tartary buchwheat is regarded as more productive and tolerant to cold and drought, etc. when compared with common buckwheat. However, research works on tartary buckwheat is lucking. The aim of this study is to contribute to further utilization and widespread cultivation of tartary buckwheat by clarifying its physico-ecological traits and variation.Analysis of ecological variation and traits : Flowering and growth habits, productivity and morphological plant type were investigated for 237 strains in the field condition in the first year. Variation of ecological traits in tartary buckwheat was outlined from the relationship of the above characters and geographical characters of collection sites. Major 20 strains were investigated more minutely in the next year. From the results obtained, including the response to seeding time, tartary buckwheat strains were classified into several groups. When detailed data collected on the shoot elongation are analyzed, adaptability of tartary buckwheat to environmental factors will be much more clarified.Analysis of seed characters : Seed shape variation was classified and difference among collection sites was clarified by applying Fourie analysis in image analysis method. Seed shape variation was also analyzed from cultivation and utilization situations in the collection sites. Seed color was measured by using color meter for quantitative analysis. Measurement procedure for getting precise data was established before obtaining data for Nepalese strains, which showed very large color variation. Quantitative analysis for rutin conducted by HPLC method revealed inter- and intra-strain variation of rutin content in seed and leaf. Components of bitterness of seed were also chemically analyzed. These data and data on protein components in seed to be further collected which are fundamentally important in breeding of seed component property has been fairly well accumulated.