Social Adaptation of AINU People: A Social Research in SHIZUNAI Town and URAKAWA Town

一百多年来，在北海道的区域发展计划下，UTARI（阿伊努人）被迫陷入困境。通过对UKAKAWA、BIRATORI和HOBETSU城镇的社会研究，我们发现每个UTARI社区在适应过程中都有特定的历史，并且在社会和生活结构方面表现出独特的变化。可以说，UTARI人最初与WAJIN人接触的互动方式决定了他们今天的生活。我们发现，在浦川镇，对保留传统文化的ainu人存在一些偏见和歧视。重要的是，他们最明显地体现在学校生活和社区生活中，这对阿伊努大学儿童的社会化是必不可少的。浦川的UTARI强烈希望他们能将自己的传统文化代代相传。但他们的心理有些矛盾。他们保留着自己的文化，同时渴望接受现代文明的生活方式，提高自己的生活水平。本课题从教育、历史和文化的角度进行结构探讨。

For over a hundred years, the UTARI (AINU people) were forced to fall on hard times under a regional development program in HOKKAIDO. By means of the social researches at UKAKAWA, BIRATORI, and HOBETSU Towns, we found out that each UTARI community has a particular history concerning adaptational process, and shows a peculiar variation on the aspect of social and living structures. It may be said that the ways of interaction in which the UTARI people first made contact with the WAJIN people have decided their lives today.We found out that there are some prejudice and discrimination against AINU-people who have preserved their traditional culture in URAKAWA town. It is important that they were most manifestly found in the school life in the community which is indispensable for socialization of AINU's children.The UTARI of URAKAWA are strongly hoping that they preserve for themselves their traditional culture from generation to generation. But their psychology is somewhat ambivalent. Holding their culture, they desire, at the same time, to take in the modern civilized ways of life and improve their standards of living. The subject was structurally approached in educational, historical, and cultural perspectives.