A new non-obese, non-ketotic diabetic strain of the Chinese hamster :a possible role of adrenals in pathogenesis.

中国仓鼠自发性糖尿病近交系是由中国仓鼠的糖尿性兄弟和非糖尿性姐妹经过20多代交配而建立起来的。经过5-6代后，80-90%的男性在5-8月龄时成为无酮尿症的显性糖尿病患者。这些动物在一生中都没有表现出肥胖。只有有限的女性(9%或更少)成为显性糖尿病患者。本研究旨在探讨这些动物糖尿病的发病机制。去势和卵巢切除对糖尿病的累积发病率没有任何影响。在糖尿病品系中，无论是否存在血糖尿，男性的血浆皮质醇水平都比女性和非糖尿病年龄匹配的对照品系高3-4倍。在此期间，糖尿病品系雄性的肾上腺束状带细胞也表现为肥大。在3月龄、5月龄和8月龄时，患有或不患有糖尿病的仓鼠和年龄匹配的非糖尿病对照组的血浆ACTH水平均无显著差异。与假手术对照组相比，4-L月龄的肾上腺切除显著抑制了雄性显性糖尿病的发生率。雄性轻度糖尿病大鼠肾上腺切除后血糖水平下降，糖耐量增加，B细胞形态较少脱颗粒，提示糖皮质激素在该品系糖尿病的发病机制中起一定作用。

A spontaneously diabetic inbred strain of Chinese hamsters has been established in our laboratory by mating glycosuric brothers and nonglycosuric sisters for more than 20 generations. After 5-6 generations, 80-90% of the males became overt diabetics without ketonuria from 5-8 monthold. These animals did not show obesity throughout their lives. Only limited females(9% or less)became overt diabetics. The present study was designed to expore the pathogenesis of diabetes in these animals.Castration and ovariectomy did not have any effects on the cumulative incidebce of diabetes. In the diabetic strain, regardless of the presence of glycosuria, the plasma cortisol levels were 3-4 times higher in the males than in the females and in the non-diabetic age-matched control strain. Hypertrophy in the zona fasciculata cells of the adrenals from the males of the diabetic strain was also shown in this period. Plasma ACTH levels of hamsters with or without overt diabetes, and non-diabetic age-matched controls did not show sny significant difference at 3,5 or 8 month-old. Adrenalectomy at the age of 4-l months suppressed significantly the incidence of overt diabetes in the males from the sham-operated control. Adrenalectomy of males with mild diabetes showed decreased blood glucose levlels, and increased glucose tolerance, the B-cell morphology of these animals showed less degranulation.The above data indicate that glucocorticoid plays some role in the pathogenesis of diabetes in this strain.