SEIZE - SEismic imaging of the Ivrea ZonE

在2018年1月向ICDP提交的ICDP提议潜水(在伊夫雷阿韦尔巴诺地区钻探)中，“抓住”是活跃的地震学部分；由瑞士洛桑大学的Othmar Müntener领导(联合PIS：Mattia Pistone-Lausanne、Luca Ziberna-Bayreuth、Görgy Hetényi-Lausanne、Alberto Zanetti-Pavia)。意大利阿尔卑斯山的伊夫雷亚-韦尔巴诺带(IVZ)是地球上最完整、最完整、最完整的陆壳-上地幔剖面原型之一。此外，它还提供了最好的天然实验室，通过地球科学方法和科学钻探的结合，极大地促进了我们对大陆下地壳和壳幔过渡带的了解。在2017年5月的一次研讨会上，一个由31名调查人员组成的国际小组提出了一项在伊夫雷亚·韦尔巴诺地区(潜水)的全面钻探计划。在IVZ钻两个1公里深的孔和一个4公里深的孔将提供一个无与伦比的机会，通过岩心观察、井下测井、微生物采样、水文研究和井区周围的各种地球物理-地质调查，将地球物理和地质数据联系起来。IVZ的独特之处在于，几个地球物理观测数据表明，近地表(浅至3公里)存在高密度、高地震速度的岩石，通常被称为“鸟头”。最近的发现表明，IVZ是跨越地壳的大陆岩浆作用的珍贵档案，记录了下地壳岩浆侵位、结晶和地壳同化的过程，以及近地表岩浆活动的发展，包括二叠纪期间长期超级喷发的证据。钻探将解决以下长期存在的问题：大陆下地壳的性质和壳幔转换、与地球物理伊夫雷亚体的潜在联系、地壳深部岩浆系统的构造和组织、岩石的物理和化学性质和组构的完整特征、渗透率与风化的关系、蚀变和流体特征。结合对地下生物圈范围和多样性的研究，这些研究将有助于促进我们对各种结晶基岩中的微生物生态系统及其限制的理解。通过CACHE，我们的目标是在潜水内划定IVZ的深度、范围和形状，以及位于意大利瓦尔·塞西亚的巴尔穆西亚遗址的所谓“鸟头”。2018年6月13日，ICDP拒绝了Dive，在重新提交之前提出了以下要求：“ICDP希望看到巴尔穆西亚遗址有一个具有良好地震数据、叠加地质模型(S)和试探性钻探路径的区段”。Capture正在处理这一请求。

SEIZE is the active seismics part of the ICDP-proposal DIVE (Drilling the IvreaVerbano ZonE) submitted to ICDP in January 2018; led by Othmar Müntener, U. of Lausanne, Switzerland (Co-PIs: Mattia Pistone – Lausanne, Luca Ziberna – Bayreuth, György Hetényi – Lausanne, Alberto Zanetti – Pavia). The Ivrea-Verbano Zone (IVZ) in the Italian Alps is one of the most complete and studied, time integrated archetype of continental crust–upper mantle section on Earth. Moreover, it provides the best natural laboratory to significantly advance our understanding of the continental lower crust and crust–mantle transition zone by a combination of geoscientific approaches and scientific drilling. At a workshop in May 2017 an international team of 31 investigators proposed a comprehensive Drilling program in the Ivrea Verbano ZonE (DIVE). Drilling two, 1km deep holes, and a 4-km deep hole in the IVZ will provide an unrivalled opportunity to link geophysical and geological data via core observations, downhole logging, microbiological sampling, hydrological studies, and various geophysical-geological surveys around the borehole area. The IVZ is unique in that several geophysical observables indicate near sub-surface (as shallow as 3 km) presence of high density, high seismic velocity rocks, commonly known as the “Bird’s Head”. Recent discoveries illustrate that the IVZ is a precious archive of trans-crustal continental magmatism documenting lower crustal processes of magma emplacement, crystallisation and crustal assimilation, and of the development of near surface magmatism including evidence for protracted super-eruptions during the Permian. Drilling will address long-standing questions on the nature of the continental lower crust and the crust–mantle transition, potential connections to the geophysical Ivrea body, the construction and organisation of a deep crustal magmatic systems, and a complete characterisation of physical and chemical rock properties and fabrics, the relation of permeability to weathering, alteration and fluid characterisation. Together with studies on the extent and diversity of the subsurface biosphere, these studies will contribute to advance our understanding of microbial ecosystems and its limits in various crystalline bedrocks. With SEIZE we aim within DIVE at delineating depth, extent and shape of the IVZ and the so-called “Bird’s-Head” at the Balmuccia site in Val Sesia, Italy. DIVE was rejected by ICDP on 13th June 2018 with the following request before resubmission: “ICDP would like to see for the Balmuccia site a section with good seismic data plus superimposed geological model(s) and tentative drill path”. SEIZE is addressing this request.