Effect of Garlic, Allium sativum L., on the Platelet Aggregation.

以大蒜为食物，虽然不影响凝血和纤溶功能，但在一定程度上抑制了血小板的聚集。我们发现大蒜中的一种活性成分是甲基烯丙基三硫化物(MATS)，它在大蒜精油中的含量约为10%。MATS的抗血小板活性在体外和体内都得到证实，但其抑制血小板的作用机制尚不清楚。本课题对MATS在血小板内的靶点进行了研究，取得了以下结果：1.MATS被大鼠消化道吸收，并出现在血液循环中，然后排入尿液。流通中的垫子的半衰期估计约为90分钟。MATS的器官分布主要分布在肝脏和肾脏。结论1.在循环血中，MATS定位于包括血小板在内的血细胞中，但不存在于血浆中。MATS对血小板的抑制作用是通过抑制其底物花生四烯酸(AA)生成前列腺素来实现的。在与AA代谢相关的酶中，环氧合酶和脂氧合酶分别在10^lt；-5&gt；M和10^lt；-4&gt；M浓度下被MATS抑制。然而，垫子如何与这些酶相互作用仍然不清楚。有人认为，这些酶的氧化反应可能的机制之一是受到从垫子中释放出来的硫原子的干扰，如果有的话。除了这些工作，我们还表演了一些葱属植物的分类，包括无味大蒜。一些无味的应该归类为洋葱。

Taking garlic as a food, the platelet aggregation is suppressed to some extent, although blood coagulation and fibrinolysis are unaltered. We found that an active princilpe in garlic is methyl allyl trisulfide (MATS), which is contained about 10 % in the essential oil of garlic. The antiplatelet activity of MATS could be demonstrated in both in vitro and in vivo, however, its platelet inhibition mechanisms are not clarified yet.In this project, we have studied to specify the target of MATS within platelets, and obtained the following results ;1. MATS was absorbed by digestive tracts of rats, and appeared in blood circulation, followed by excretion into urine. The half life of MATS in circulation estimated to be about 90 min. The organ distribution of MATS was observed mainly in the liver and kidney. In the circulatory blood, MATS was localized in blood cells including platelet, but not in plasma.2. The ingibitory activity of MATS to platelets was demonstrated to be a suppression of prostaglandin formation from its substrate arachidonic acid (AA). Among the enzymes relating to the AA metabolisms, both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase were inhibited by MATS at the concentration of 10^<-5>M and 10^<-4>M, respectively. However, it is still obscure how MATS interacts with these enzymes. It is thought that as one of the possible mechanisms oxidating reactions by these enzymes would be interfered by the sulfur atom liberating from MATS, if any.3. In addition to these works, we performed to classigy some Allium plants including odorless garlics. Some odorless one should be categorized into onion.