MORPHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR-BIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON STRUCTURE AND PHYLOGENY OF CHLOROPLAST OF A GREEN DINOFLAGELLATE.

用免疫金电镜观察了绿鞭毛藻叶绿体中DNA的分布，以检测叶绿体中核胚状双膜结合囊泡中的DNA。结果，在双膜结合囊泡中检测到免疫金标记的物质。结果表明叶绿体中存在来源于内共生体的核形态。为了更好地了解绿甲藻、绿鳞甲藻和其他甲藻之间的系统发育关系，对寄主甲藻鞭毛器的超微结构进行了观察。绿草具有横向条纹根（TSR）和后向纵向微管根（LSR），这是鞭毛类植物中最常见的鞭毛器官。在所有裸子类鞭毛藻中都观察到其基体呈120 ~ 130个角。青草鞭毛器最不寻常的特征是位于横向基底背侧的微管根（CMR）和起源于纵向基底近端并沿LMR右腹边缘延伸的纵条纹根结缔组织（LSR）。这些装置在其他鞭毛纲动物中从未报道过。此外，LMR在基部近端弯曲约90°，狭窄的条纹纤维结缔组织将LMR后部与沿纵鞭毛管排列的微管束连接在一起，并指向柄状细胞质突起。这些特征从未在其他鞭毛纲动物中发现过。最后，这些结果支持鳞翅目属的建立。采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术扩增了绿藻白衣藻（Chlamydomonas parkeae）叶绿体小亚基（ssu）核糖体(r) RNA基因，并对其序列进行了测序，并与典型的volvolean algae和prasinophysesea藻类白衣藻（Pyramimonas parkeae）的序列进行了比较，以期为分析绿甲藻（l.r uviride）叶绿体的系统发育提供基础知识。因此，衣单胞菌和锥体单胞菌被划分为不同的类群。在此基础上，对绿草叶绿体ssu rRNA进行测序，并与目前的结果进行比较，可以证明绿草叶绿体的系统发育。少

Immunogold electron microscopy of DNA distribution in chloroplasts of a green dinoflagellate was carried out in order to detect DNA in nucleomorph-like, double-membrane bound vesicle in chloroplasts. As a result, immunogold-labeled materials were detected in the double-membranebound vesicle. It reveals that nucleomorph derived from endosymbiont is present in chloroplasts.The ultrastructure of flagellar apparatus of the host dinoflagellate was observed in order to better understand phylogenetic relationship between the green dinoflagaellate, Lepidodinium viride and the other dinoflgaellates. L.viride had the transverse striated root (TSR) and the posteriorly directed longitudinal microtubular root (LSR) which are tne most cammonly reported flagellar apparatus of dinoflagellates. The basal bodies of L.vreide lay at an angle of approximately 120-130ﾟ which has been observed in all the gymnodinioid dinoflagellates. The most unusual features of the flagellar apparatus of L.viride are the cu … More rved microtubular root (CMR) located in the dorsal portion of the transverse bassal body and the longitudinal striated root connective (LSR) which originates from th proximal end of longitudinal basal body and extends along the ventral-right edge of the LMR.These apparatus have never been reported in the other dinoflagellates. In addition, the LMR bent at nearly 90ﾟ at the proximal ends of basal bodies and a narrow striated fibrous connective linked the posterior part of the LMR with the microtubular bundle lying along the longitudinal flagellar canal and directing to the peduncle-like cytoplasmic projection. These features have never been detected in the other dinoflagellates. Conclusively, these results support the establishment of the genus Lepidodinium.The chloroplast small subunit (ssu) ribosomal (r) RNA gene of a green alga Chlamydomonas parkeae was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequenced and compared with those of the typical volvocalean algae and the prasinophycean alga Pyramimonas parkeae in order to get the basic knowledge for analysis on phylogeny of the chloroplasts of a green dinofllagellate, L.viride. As a result, Chlamydomonas and Pyramimonas were assignable to the different groups from each other. Based on the knowledge obtained, the phylogeny of the chloroplasts of L.viride can be demonstrated by sequencing the chloroplast ssu rRNA of L.viride and comparing it with the present results. Less