Clarification of the concept "on" from a viewpoint of clinical psychology

从ON的角度来看，我们日本的临床病例可以分为两类：一类是背负沉重债务的患者，另一类是从不负债的患者，他们敏感的母亲或养父母可能会产生自责或债务的快感。在第一类中，他们的受虐倾向往往源于他们早期对脆弱环境的经历，这可能导致了对ON的无尽积累。他们背负着沉重的债务负担，以至于他们容易患上职业倦怠综合症。第二种情况可能在不知不觉中感觉到了，但一旦他们意识到了，他们就应该卷入复杂的人际关系，因此他们试图逃避任何债务。在这个日本社会里，一定有一种正常的、自我奉献的照顾者，他们在日本人中受到钦佩和文化上的理想化。他们的特点也是有适度的欠债倾向。他们不会那么自责，试图用爱和欣赏来偿还债务，他们接受自己偿还的极限。我们还发现了一个在成熟过程中实现健康发展的过程。在亲缘关系上，似乎会加深累积的债务和自责。最后，我们提出了针对这些情况的有效心理治疗方法。首先，我们应该记录患者详细的生活史，找出他们早期的负罪感环境。其次，我们应该对待他们的受虐倾向，考虑到他们背后的伴侣和爱，并应该强调，他们现在的愤怒并不是针对他们真正的父母，因为他们对父母早期的形象感到愤怒。所以，当他们展示真实的自我时，我们应该为他们提供“容纳”的环境，就他们所在的地方而言。

Our Japanese clinical cases from the viewpoint of on can be divided into the two categories : on the one hand, the patients who are burdened with heavily accumulating debt, and on the other, those who will never incur any debt.Their sensitive mothers or foster parents may have induced cheir sense of self-reproach or debt. In the first category, their masochistic tendencies were often derived from their early experiences with vulnerable environment, which may have induced an endless accumulation of on. They are burdened with heavily accumulating debt so much that they become subject to the Burn-Out Syndrome. The cases of the second category may feel on unconsciously but once they become conscious of it they should get involved in complicated human relations, and therefore they try to escape from any debt.In this Japanese society there must be a category of normal self-devoted caretakers who are admired and idealized culturally among japanese people. They are also characterized of a moderate tendency to feel in debt. They do not reproach themselves so much, trying to repay debt for love and appreciation, and they accept the limit of their own repayment. We also have found a process of achieving healthy on in a maturational process. It seems that on related relationships with blood relatives tend to deepen a sense of accumulated debt and self-reproach.Finally, we propose the effective techniques of psychotherapy for these conditions. First, we should take patients'detailed life-histories to find their early guilt-inducing environment. Second, we should treat their masochistic tendencies, taking into considerations their amae and love behind them, and should emphasize that their present anger is not to be directed towards their real parents, because they are angry with the early image of their parents. Thire, when they reveal their true selves we should provide them with "holding"environment in terms of their places to be.