Study in the Formation of Children's Human Relations and their Parents'

在我们观察和记录幼儿园课堂的过程中，儿童人际关系发展中的一些问题已经成为一个问题。第二年，我们对照顾学龄前儿童的母亲的人际关系进行了研究。结果表明：1.幼儿园母亲中有80%是家庭主妇，而日托母亲中有49%是全职工作者。这与按年龄划分的职业妇女人数的M曲线图相吻合，也与日本妇女认为母亲应该在家照顾学龄前儿童的想法相吻合。大约86%的母亲生活在核心家庭中。从孩子数量的减少来看，妈妈们自己也担心孩子在小区里没有同龄朋友，以后可能会在人际关系上遇到一些困难。许多母亲与住在离家两小时路程以内的父母、公婆和其他亲戚保持着密切的关系。钢琴课，体育俱乐部，补习班等等，在年轻妈妈和孩子中很受欢迎。这些学校还为母亲提供了社会交流的机会。本研究探讨母亲认为幼儿在学前阶段应学习哪些人际关系的内容。结果是：母亲们认为"合作"、"同情"和"交流感情"比"个性"、"独立"、"自我表达"和"纪律"更重要。这种人际关系的观点植根于日本文化。幼儿教师也有相似的人际关系观，我们计划将本研究发展为七至九个国家的家长和教师人际关系观的跨文化研究。

As we observed and recorded kindergarten classrooms, some problems in the development of children's human relations have becomm an issue. The second year of our project, we made researches in human relations of mothers who take care of pre-school children. The results were as follows.1.80 percent of kindergarten mothers were house wives, while 49 percent of day nursery mothers were full-time workers. This coincide with M curve graph of the number of working women by age, and with Japanese women's idea that Mother should take care of pre-school children at home. About 86 percent of mothers live in a nuclear family. According to the decrease of the number of children, mothers worry themselves that their children don't have peer friends in the neighborhood, and may have some difficulties in human relations in the future. Many mothers keep close relations with their parents, parents-in-law, and other relatives who live within two hours way from their home. Piano lessons, sports clubs, cram schools and etc., are very popular among young mothers and children. Those schools also offer a chance of social communication for mothers.2. We made an inquiry about what contents of human relations mothers think most important for their children to learn in pre-school. The result was ; mothers think that 'cooperation', 'sympathy' and 'exchange of feelings' are more important than 'individuality', 'independence', 'self-expression'and 'discipline'. This view of human relations has roots in Japanese culture. Pre-school teachers also have similar view of human relations.We are planning to develop this research to cross-cultural study in parents and teachers' view of human relations in seven to nine countries.