Educational Aproach for School-aged Children with Special Needs : An Conparative Study of Educational Methods

本研究的目的是确定在五天上课制度下为残疾儿童提供的课后照顾和假期活动。需要为放学后或长期休假的残疾儿童提供基于社区的方案和项目。本研究还考察了西方国家，特别是美国的课后照顾的现状和经验。进行国家和国际调查。这项调查揭示了以下几点。尽管为残疾儿童提供服务的儿童保育中心越来越多，但由于政府财政支持的运气，这些中心很难提供足够的服务和额外的人员，以满足儿童的需要。在美国，自20世纪80年代以来，课后照顾一直在扩大。在课后照顾的方案中，一个主要的方案趋势是将有特殊需要的儿童纳入综合课后照顾。家长调查的结果表明，家长希望将残疾儿童安置在课外活动和假期活动中。通过提供适当的服务，至关重要的是帮助那些在家中照顾子女时筋疲力尽和面临风险的父母。

The purpose of this study is to establish provision of after-school care and vacation activities for children with disability under the five-school days system. It has been needed to provide community-based programs and projects for children with disability after school or during long term vacation. This study also exams the status and experiences of after-school care in western countries, especially in the United States. National ad international surveys are conducted. This survey reveals the following points.1. Although there is growing number of child care centers which provide services for children with disabilities, luck of the financial support from governments results that it is hard for them to provide adequate services with additional stuffs in order to meet children's needs.2. In the United State, after-school care has been extended since the 1980's. Among the programs of after-school care, one main trend of programs is the inclusion of children with special need into the integrated after-school care.3. The results of parents survey presents parents' desire for placing their children with disability in after school programs and vacation programs. Providing the appropriate services, it is crucial to help parents who are exhausted and at risk during caring for their children in their home.