SFB 1491: Cosmic Interacting Matters - From Source to Signal

在整个上个世纪，天体物理学研究领域发生了惊人的变化，拓宽了探测窗口，现在的范围从无线电波长到最高的伽马射线能量。其他信使，如带电粒子和原子核，中微子和引力波，近年来已成功地被添加为非热宇宙的有价值的信使。只有通过系统地连接等离子体、天体粒子、粒子和天体物理学领域，才能对物质和辐射的宇宙相互作用形成统一的看法。这是计划中的CRC 1491的中心研究目标。这个CRC，宇宙相互作用物质（CIM），分为两个研究领域。宇宙射线传播和相互作用的天体物理特征（A）区域将为详细理论描述不同类型银河系天体物理源的非热特征提供基础。这些结果将在CIM中根据最近的观测数据进行解释，其中大部分将在CIM中进行。 这一领域的研究将大大受益于研究领域的调查物质的基本性质（F）。在这里，等离子体的基本方面（磁湍流，运输和不稳定性），强子相互作用（强子截面和衰变产物在高能量和向前的方向），和暗物质在低质量星系系统建立CIM的基础。在CIM中，我们将解决以下关键研究问题：1。磁化的、湍流的天体物理等离子体和宇宙射线之间的相互作用的特征是什么？它们能告诉我们宇宙射线的起源是什么？2.精确测量最高能量的强子相互作用对天体物理学宇宙射线特征有什么意义？3.重子和暗物质的宇宙特征之间有什么联系，向下移动到最低的晕质量，向外移动到大的银河系中心距离？CIM利用鲁尔大学波鸿（RUB）研究领域中等离子体，天体，天体粒子和天体物理学专业知识的独特组合，与邻近大学（多特蒙德和伍珀塔尔）的同事联手。通过将理论努力与关键观测相结合，我们将把对非热宇宙中物质基本方面相互作用的理解提高到一个新的水平，并果断地解决21世纪世纪的基本物理问题。

Throughout the last century, the field of astrophysical research has undergone striking changes, widening the detection window, now ranging from radio wavelengths to the highest gamma-ray energies. Other messengers such as charged particles and atomic nuclei, neutrinos, and gravitational waves have successfully been added in recent years as valuable messengers of the non-thermal Universe. A unifying view of the cosmic interplay of matter and radiation can only be achieved by systematically bridging the fields of plasma, astroparticle, particle, and astrophysics. This is the central research goal in the planned CRC 1491.This CRC, Cosmic Interacting Matters (CIM), is organized in two research areas. The area Astrophysical Signatures of Cosmic Ray Propagation and Interaction (A) will provide the basis for a detailed theoretical description of the non-thermal signatures of astrophysical sources for different types of galactic systems. These results will be interpreted in CIM in light of recent observational data, most of which will be taken within CIM. Research in this area will benefit greatly from investigations in the research area Fundamental properties of matter (F). Here, fundamental aspects of the plasma (magnetic turbulence, transport, and instabilities), hadronic interactions (hadronic cross sections and decay products at high energies and in forward direction), and dark matter in low-mass galactic systems build the basis for CIM.In CIM, we will address the following key research questions:1. What are the signatures of the interplay between magnetized, turbulent astrophysical plasmas and cosmic rays, and what can they tell us about the origin of cosmic rays?2. What are the implications of precision measurements of hadronic interactions at the highest energies for the astrophysical cosmic-ray signatures?3. What are the connections between the cosmic signatures of baryonic and dark matter, moving down to the lowest halo masses and out to large galactocentric distances?CIM leverages a unique combination of expertise in plasma-, astro-, astroparticle- and astrophysics present in the research landscape of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (RUB), joining forces with colleagues from neighboring universities (Dortmund and Wuppertal). By combining theoretical endeavors with key observations, we will take the understanding of the interplay of fundamental aspects of matter in the non-thermal Universe to a new level, and decisively tackle fundamental physics questions of the 21st century.