The Inscriptions of Patara. History and epigraphy of a major ancient harbour city

自古典时代晚期以来，帕塔拉是利西亚的主要城市之一，也是小亚细亚南部海岸最重要的港口。自1988年以来，安塔利亚大学一直在调查几乎没有受到干扰的古代遗址。在发掘负责人Havva Schenkan的邀请下，由CH.舒勒（旧历史和Epigraphik委员会，慕尼黑）和K. Zimmermann（Forschungsstelle Asia Minor，Münster）自2010年以来首次系统地对该市的整个铭文进行编目。虽然在我们的工作开始时只有96个铭文，但现在这个数字已经增加到大约100个。720条短信帕塔拉不仅在数量上是土耳其古代铭文最重要的发现点之一。文本的类型和主题的多样性同样突出：其范围从波斯时期的陪葬铭文到吕西亚仅有的两个已知寺庙清单，从希腊化晚期和帝国早期的大量捐赠者和市议员名单以及所谓的“Stadiasmus Patarensis”到公元1世纪的一系列重要建筑铭文，许多与第二和第三世纪的城市和省精英有关的荣誉和奉献铭文以及一些基督教文本（在吕西亚很少见），其中最引人注目的是公元4世纪欧得莫斯主教的葬礼警句。该项目的下一个目标和本申请的主题是创建一个完整材料的统一语料库部分未经编辑，部分发表在一系列不同的期刊上。文本将提供翻译，大量的评论，分析索引和文学和其他有关帕塔拉金石来源的集合。介绍了城市的历史，它的机构和邪教，它的城市发展和金石习惯将有助于将金石数据整合到一个整体的图片，并将形成一个坚实的基础，为未来的研究。该语料库不仅将为吕西亚最重要的城市之一描绘一幅全新的画面，还将为吕西亚的历史，特别是希腊化和罗马帝国时期的历史提供新的视角。特别是，一个地区逐渐融入罗马帝国，建立一个省及其地方和区域的影响，可以通过帕塔拉的铭文比通过任何其他吕西亚和小亚细亚其他城市的金石材料更好地理解。因此，帕塔拉铭文的重要性远远超出了当地和地区的背景，并延伸到更普遍的古代历史问题。所指出的对材料的系统处理是充分利用这一潜力的必要条件。计划语料库的价值远远超出了通过对整个铭文体进行分析检查而仅仅收集的可能性。

Since the late-Classical period, Patara was one of the leading cities of Lycia and the most important harbours at the southern coast of Asia Minor. Since 1988, the University of Antalya has been investigating the barely disturbed ancient ruins. At the excavation director Havva İşkan’s invitation, a team led by Ch. Schuler (Kommission für Alte Geschichte und Epigraphik, Munich) and K. Zimmermann (Forschungsstelle Asia Minor, Münster) has been systematically cataloguing the city’s entire body of inscriptions for the first time since 2010. While a mere 96 inscriptions were known at the outset of our work, the number has now increased to ca. 720 texts. Patara is not only quantitively one of the most important find spot for ancient inscriptions in Turkey. The typology and the diversity of subject matters of the texts is likewise outstanding: the spectrum ranges from a funerary inscription from the Persian period to the two only known temple inventories of Lycia, extensive donor- and city councillor lists from late-Hellenistic and early-Imperial times as well as the so-called “Stadiasmus Patarensis” to a series of important building inscriptions from the 1st century CE, numerous honorary and dedicatory inscriptions related to the urban and provincial elite of the 2nd and 3rd century and a number of Christian texts (otherwise rare in Lycia), amongst which the funerary epigram for bishop Eudemos from the 4th century CE stands out.The next aim of the project and the subject of this application is the creation of a unified corpus of the entire material which is partly unedited, partly published in an array of different journals. The texts will be made available with a translation, a substantial commentary, analytical indices and a collection of literary and other epigraphic sources regarding Patara. An introduction into the city’s history, its institutions and cults, its urban development and epigraphic habit will serve to integrate the epigraphic data into a holistic picture and will form a well-founded basis for future research. The corpus will not only paint an entirely new picture of one of the most important cities of Lycia, but also shed new light on the history of Lycia, particularly of the Hellenistic and Roman Imperial periods. Especially, the progressive integration of a region into the Roman empire, the establishment of a province and its local and regional ramifications can be better understood through the inscriptions of Patara than through the epigraphic material from any other Lycian and most other cities in Asia Minor. The importance of the inscriptions of Patara therefore far exceeds their local and regional context and extends to more general question of ancient history. The indicated systematic processing of the material forms the necessary requirement to fully utilize this potential. The value of planned corpus goes far beyond the possibilities of a mere collection through the analytical examination of the entire body of inscriptions.