Evaluation system proposal for violence depictions on TV

本研究对日本电视小说、新闻节目、商业广告中的暴力和亲社会行为进行了内容分析（Japanese Television Violence Study：JTVS）。一项小组研究也考察了攻击性和观看倾向之间的因果关系，参考了JTVS的框架，我们翻译了美国国家电视暴力研究编码书，并在身体攻击中增加了口头和间接攻击。对身体暴力的分析表明，很少有暴力描绘包含严重的伤害和痛苦，它发生，更多的是重复和现实的暴力，对观众构成风险，即促进学习攻击，恐惧和脱敏。每小时的攻击次数较少，但其情境特征与肢体攻击相似。至于亲社会行为，日本电视节目描绘了更多成功的行动 ...更多信息 一些暴力事件显示出新闻节目中暴力行为的不正当性和严重危害性。对商业广告的分析表明，对暴力的描述很少带有暴力造成的伤害和痛苦的暗示，而更现实的暴力。新闻和广告中的亲社会行为都显示出更多的成功行为和更多有吸引力的角色。我们的小组研究在2004年和2005年在13所小学和15所初中进行。研究结果显示，观看以身体部位或有吸引力的人物表现暴力的特定暴力场景，会增加国小学生的间接攻击行为。此外，观看电视上的间接攻击行为可能会增加初中生的攻击行为，在上述内容分析和面板研究的基础上，我们提出了一个评估系统，结合暴力预防的频率和观看它们与攻击行为之间的因果关系的强度。少

In this project, content analysis of violence and prosocial behavior appearing in Japanese TV fiction, news programs, and commercials (Japanese Television Violence Study : JTVS) were conducted. A panel study also examined the causal relationship between aggression and the tendency to view them, which referred to the framework of JTVS.We translated the National Television Violence Study coding book of the United States, and newly added verbal and indirect aggressions to physical aggression. The analysis of physical violence indicated that there were few violent portrayals that contained serious harm and pain that occurs from it, more repeated and realistic violence which pose risk to viewers, that is, promote learning aggression, fear, and desensitization. The number of depictions including verbal or indirect aggressions per hour was few, but their contextual features were similar to physical ones. As for prosocial behavior, Japanese television programs portrayed more success of actions … More and less rewards.Some violent incidents showed unjustified violence and the serious harm cues from violence behavior in news programs. The analysis of commercials indicated that there were few portrayals of violence with harm and pain cues from violence, and more realistic violence. Prosocial behavior in both news and commercials showed more success of actions and More attractive characters in performers.Our panel study was conducted at thirteen elementary schools and at fifteen junior high schools in 2004 and 2005. The result indicated that viewing certain types of violent scenes showing violence with their body parts, or by attractive characters increased elementary school students' indirect aggressions. Also, viewing indirect aggressions on TV was suggested to have increased aggression of junior high school students.Based on the above-mentioned content analysis and panel study, we proposed an evaluation system which combined frequency of violent depictions with intense of causal effects between viewing them and aggression. Less