Accurate Measurements of the Expansion of the Universe with imaging and spectroscopic observations of type Ia Supernovae

这项研究项目的主要目的是对LA型超新星进行成像和光谱观测，以测量宇宙的宇宙膨胀。我们通过国际合作计划、超新星宇宙学计划和斯隆数字巡天计划成功地发现和测量了遥远的超新星。我们发现了大约40颗遥远的超新星，其中15颗是Ia型超新星。其中一些是用SuPrime-Cam发现的，有些是用哈勃太空望远镜发现的。我们用斯巴鲁等大型望远镜进行了后续观测。我们还发现并观测到了附近的超新星。到目前为止，斯隆数字巡天(SDSS)超新星项目发现了大约300颗附近的超新星，我们用斯巴鲁拍摄了50多个光谱。我们获得的超新星数据是独一无二的，将能够为宇宙学模型提供新的约束，尽管分析仍在进行中。这项研究计划的另一项活动是开发一种新的宇宙学成像光谱仪。我们成功地研制了一台15色波段同步成像仪。我们已经成功地在广岛大学东广岛天文台1.5米Kanata望远镜上进行了调试观测。虽然还没有观测到超新星，但仪器工作得很好。这类仪器使我们能够获取光谱信息和成像信息，用于宇宙膨胀测量，我们通过现有的仪器发展了基本技术和知识。我们还利用SDSS星系调查研究了宇宙膨胀。由宇宙微波背景涨落测量得到的SDSS星系分布给出了新的宇宙学参数约束。

The main purpose of this research project is to carry out imaging and spectroscopic observations of type la supernovae to measure cosmological expansion of the universe. We successfully found and measured distant supernovae with international collaboration programs, Supernova Cosmology Project and Sloan Digital Sky Survey.We found about 40 distant supernovae, 15 of which are type Ia supernovae. Some of those were found with Suprime-Cam, and some of those were found with Hubble Space Telescope. We carried out follow-up observations with Subaru and other large telescopes. We also found and observed nearby supernovae. Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Supernova project so far found about 300 nearby supernovae, and we took more than 50 spectra with Subaru. Supernova data we have obtained are unique and will be able to give new constraints for cosmological models, although the analysis is still underway.Another activity of this research program was to develop a new imaging spectrograph for cosmology. We successfully build a 15-color band simultaneous imager. We have successfully carried out commissioning observations at 1.5-m Kanata telescope, Higashi Hiroshima Astronomical Observatory, Hiroshima University. Although no supernova observations have been made, the instrument is working well. This kind of instruments enable us to take spectroscopic information as well as imaging information for cosmological expansion measurements, and we developed basic techniques and knowledge through current instrumentation.We also studied cosmological expansion with the SDSS galaxy survey. SDSS galaxy distributions with Cosmic Microwave Background fluctuation measurements gave new constraints of cosmological parameters.